08/15/2026
https://www.facebook.com/share/1FHbuNwPhj/?mibextid=wwXIfr
New University of Minnesota research shows that removing invasive buckthorn and sowing native grasses and wildflowers as early as possible can significantly improve control of common buckthorn.
The findings were published in Forest Ecology and Management.
Researchers from the Cover It Up! Project, part of the Minnesota Invasive Terrestrial Plants and Pests Center, have previously shown that seeding native grasses and wildflowers can effectively limit buckthorn returning from seed, but a major question remained: do managers need to remove buckthorn resprouts immediately, or can they wait a few years and still get the same benefits of native seeding? To test this, the researchers compared forest understories where herbicide was used to control resprouts soon after initial management against those where herbicide was delayed a few years.
They found:
-After initial buckthorn removal, treatment the following year with a leaf application of the herbicide fosamine ammonium (Krenite) is an effective way to kill many plants.
-Following up with a second application two years later nearly removes all buckthorn.
-Waiting multiple years before the first follow-up treatment is less effective at killing buckthorn.
-Adding native plants after the first treatment helps suppress buckthorn by competing with their seedlings. This method is especially effective in areas without a dense tree canopy.
These results demonstrate that seeding native species immediately after management is more effective than waiting until fall or winter, which is when most buckthorn management typically occurs.
“This work shows how treating resprouts with herbicide and seeding early on in management is key to successful restoration efforts,” said Mike Schuster, a researcher in the College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences.
The research team is now testing different methods, rates and seed mixes for restoring native wildflowers and grasses in forest understories and measuring other benefits of this type of management.
University of Minnesota News