25/08/2026
🌱 𝗟𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲: 𝗣𝗮𝗿𝘁𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗮 𝗣𝗹𝗮𝗻𝘁 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗧𝗵𝗲𝗶𝗿 𝗙𝘂𝗻𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀
Level: Primary / Class 4
Subject: General Science / Biology
Topic: Parts of a Plant
1. Introduction
A plant is a living organism. Different parts of a plant perform different jobs. The main parts are:
Root
Stem
Leaf
Flower
Fruit
Together, these parts help the plant grow, make food, reproduce, and survive.
2. Root 🌱
The root is usually found under the soil.
Functions of roots:
Absorb water from the soil.
Absorb minerals from the soil.
Hold or anchor the plant firmly in the ground.
Example: Carrot and radish are roots that we can eat.
3. Stem 🌿
The stem supports the plant and connects the roots with the leaves, flowers, and fruits.
Functions of the stem:
Supports the plant.
Carries water and minerals from the roots.
Transports food to different parts of the plant.
Example: The stem of a sunflower supports its leaves and flower.
4. Leaf 🍃
Leaves are often called the food factories of plants.
Main function: Leaves perform photosynthesis.
During photosynthesis, green leaves use:
Sunlight ☀️
Water 💧
Carbon dioxide from the air
to make food for the plant. Oxygen is also released into the air.
5. Flower 🌸
The flower is the reproductive part of many plants.
Function:
It helps the plant in reproduction.
Flowers can develop into fruits after successful pollination and fertilization.
Examples: Rose, sunflower, jasmine.
6. Fruit 🍎
A fruit develops from the flower and usually contains seeds.
Functions:
Protects the seeds.
Helps in the dispersal of seeds.
Examples: Apple, tomato, pomegranate, mango.
7. Shoot System and Root System
A plant can broadly be divided into two systems:
Shoot System:
The part above the soil, including the stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits.
Root System:
The part below the soil, mainly consisting of roots.
⭐ Easy Way to Remember
Root → Absorbs water and minerals
Stem → Supports & transports
Leaf → Makes food
Flower → Reproduction
Fruit → Protects seeds
👩🏫 Questions for Students
1. What is the main function of the root?
2. What does the stem transport?
3. What process takes place in green leaves?
4. Why are leaves called food factories?
5. What is the function of a flower?
6. How does a fruit help the seeds?
7. What is the shoot system?
8. What is the root system?
📝 Quick Classroom Activity
Ask students to draw a plant and label:
Leaf — Flower — Fruit — Stem — Root
