10/28/2026
When a student's behavior interferes with learning, families and educators may ask, "What can we do about this behavior?"
But perhaps there's another question worth asking first: "What can we learn about why this behavior is happening?" That's where our next special education acronym comes into the conversation - FBA.
FBA stands for Functional Behavioral Assessment. An FBA is a process used to better understand the purpose or function of a student's behavior and the factors that may contribute to it.
Rather than focusing only on the behavior itself, an FBA explores what happens before and after the behavior. Information may be gathered through observations, interviews, and a review of existing data.
For example, a student who frequently leaves their seat during instruction may be avoiding a difficult task, seeking attention, or responding to another need. An FBA helps the team investigate possible explanations rather than make assumptions. Information from an FBA can help the team develop positive behavioral supports and may inform a Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP) to address the student's individual needs.
Why does this matter? When we focus only on stopping a behavior, we may miss important information about what the student needs.
Understanding FBA can help families and educators move beyond assumptions, share observations, ask questions, and participate more meaningfully in developing appropriate supports.
What might a student's behavior be telling us about their needs, and what can we learn that will help us respond more effectively? For more information, visit the OSDE-SES Policy and Procedures Manual, starting at page 402.
For more information, visit the Oklahoma State Department of Education - Special Education Services (OSDE-SES) Policy and Procedures Manual, starting at page 365 at https://bit.ly/4xQcnSp.
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