12/05/2026
SIMPLE EXPLANATION OF THE PUBLIC GATHERING BILL , 2026 (for Ordinary Citizens)
Dear Fellow Zambians,
The Public Gathering Bill, 2026 is a proposed law that seeks to replace the old Public Order Act of 1955. Its stated purpose is to promote the freedom of assembly and association while regulating public gatherings to maintain public order and safety.
In simple terms, this is what the Bill says:
- Citizens have the right to hold meetings, rallies, processions, and demonstrations.
- However, any public gathering of 3 or more people in a public place must be notified to the police (authorised officer) at least 5 days in advance.
- The notice must include the date, time, venue, purpose, expected number of participants, organiser’s details, and safety arrangements.
- Police must acknowledge the notice within 24 hours and can approve, attach conditions, restrict, or stop the gathering if they believe it may threaten public order, safety, traffic, or property.
- It is an offence to hold a gathering without notice or against police restrictions.
- Carrying weapons (including knives, spears, axes, sticks, stones, etc.) at gatherings is prohibited.
- Wearing military or security force uniforms/attire at gatherings is banned (with limited exceptions).
Important Exemptions (these face fewer restrictions):
- Events organised by the President, Vice-President, Speaker, Ministers, MPs in their constituencies, mayors, and councillors.
- Religious meetings, funerals, weddings, traditional ceremonies, and certain indoor political party meetings.
Penalties for violations range from fines to imprisonment of up to 3 months (or longer for weapons-related offences).
For the ordinary citizen: While the Bill talks about protecting your right to assemble, in practice it gives the police significant control over when, where, and how you can exercise that right.
Critical Analysis: Impact on Political Parties
Although the Bill contains some modern language on rights, a careful reading reveals that it creates an uneven playing field in our democracy.
Advantages to the Party in Power:
- The ruling party and government officials enjoy broad exemptions for their activities.
- Police (whose leadership is appointed by the Executive) are given wide discretionary powers based on subjective terms such as “likely to cause disorder” or “unsuitable venue.”
- This structure makes it easier for the party in government to organise events while creating bureaucratic and administrative hurdles for others.
Disadvantages to Opposition Parties:
- Opposition parties, which rely heavily on public rallies and direct engagement with citizens to mobilise support, will face higher risks of restrictions, delays, or outright denials.
- The 5-day notice requirement and approval process can be used to frustrate campaign efforts, especially in key areas.
- This tilts the balance of power heavily in favour of the incumbent, making it more difficult for alternative voices to be heard freely.
Conclusion and Appeal
As the Centre for African Network, we urge the Party in Government not to use this Bill as a tool to suppress the opposition. Zambia deserves a mature and competitive democracy where political differences are contested on ideas, not through administrative or security obstacles.
We strongly appeal to the authorities to ensure that the upcoming campaign period is issue-based. Every political party and candidate, regardless of their position, must be allowed to campaign freely across the country, sell their manifestos, and present their visions to the people without intimidation, coercion, or selective application of this law.
Let the people of Zambia listen to all voices, compare programmes, and choose their leaders on merit rather than through fear or suppression. A truly democratic election is one where every citizen feels free to participate, assemble, and express their will.
We shall continue to monitor the implementation of this law and stand with all Zambians in defence of constitutional rights and democratic principles.
Issued and Signed:
Advocate Kelly Macha MS
CEO/President
Centre for African Network (CEFANET)
12.05.2026