11/05/2026
Sir David Attenborough just turned 100. His latest film, Ocean, features Liberian artisanal fishermen facing industrial trawlers that fish illegally in waters reserved for small-scale fisheries. He calls it “modern colonialism at sea.”
This resonates with a broader challenge in West African marine science: productive fisheries facing mounting pressure, but critically limited data to manage them sustainably.
West Africa represents one of the largest knowledge gaps in global shark and ray research. It is something that has been on my mind since spending some time on the Namibian coast where there is limited elasmobranch research. Ghana, Senegal, Mauritania, and other nations face similar challenges: limited baseline catch data, few genetic studies, poorly monitored small-scale fisheries, and lack of capacity for spatial tracking.
We can learn a lot from local ecological knowledge. In Guinea-Bissau, fishers’ knowledge combined with landing surveys reconstructed over 40 years of catch trends - revealing declining catch rates, smaller individual sizes, and shifting species composition. This data would not have existed through formal systems alone.
Progress is happening. Namibia’s Rays and Sharks project is establishing baseline data. Ghana is deploying BRUV systems and acoustic telemetry. Senegal and Mauritania are assessing exploitation at processing sites. But these efforts need sustained support.
Every genetic sample represents collaborations across borders. Every fisher interview captures decades of ecological knowledge. Every monitoring program builds local capacity. Data-scarce doesn’t mean knowledge-scarce - it means under-resourced.
You can’t protect what you don’t understand. And understanding requires investment where it’s needed most.
📚 Key sources:
Pina et al. (2024) “Reconstructing historical catch trends of threatened sharks and rays based on fisher ecological knowledge” - Conservation Biology
Leeney et al. “Sharks, Skates, Rays and Chimaeras of Namibia” - NaRaS/Namibia Nature Foundation
AquaLife Conservancy (2024) - Ghana elasmobranch research
Ocean with David Attenborough (2025)
Landscape photos from Sandwich Harbour, Namibia - Jess Winn