05/11/2026
Sometimes, you don't need to see the animal to know it's there. These deep, vertically arranged holes are the unmistakable handiwork of the Pileated Woodpecker, North America's largest woodpecker. Nearly the size of a crow, pileated woodpeckers are easy to recognize by their bold black-and-white plumage, striking red crest, loud calls - and the distinctive holes they leave behind.
These powerful birds excavate deep into trees in search of carpenter ants, their favorite food, along with beetle larvae and other insects. Their feeding holes can extend a foot or more into the wood, exposing entire insect hotels beneath the surface.
The cavities pileated woodpeckers create are valuable to far more than just the birds themselves. Their feeding excavations, along with the even larger cavities they carve out for nesting, can provide shelter and roosting sites for other woodland wildlife, including bats and other cavity-nesting birds. By creating these holes, pileated woodpeckers are an important part of the natural cycle of a healthy woodland.