10/28/2017
Sixty-nine years ago, one of the worst air pollution disasters in U.S. history was beginning. In late October 1948, an air pollution inversion in Donora, Pennsylvania, killed 20 people within 12 hours and 70 within a month. The air pollution sickened about 40 percent of the town's 14,000 inhabitants. Today’s clip is from the 1967 film, Beware the Wind, produced at the George Washington University with funding from the U.S. Public Health Service. Donora, Pennsylvania, is a mill town on the Monongahela River, southeast of Pittsburgh. The fog started building up in Donora on October 27, 1948. By the following day it was causing coughing and other signs of respiratory distress for many residents. Many of the illnesses and deaths were initially attributed to asthma. The smog continued until it rained on October 31, by which time 20 residents of Donora had died and approximately one third to one half of the town's population of 14,000 residents had been sickened. Another 50 residents died of respiratory causes within a month after the incident. Hydrogen fluoride and sulfur dioxide emissions from U.S. Steel's Donora Zinc Works and its American Steel & Wire plant were frequent occurrences in Donora. What made the 1948 event more severe was a temperature inversion, a situation in which warmer air aloft traps pollution in a layer of colder air near the surface. The pollutants in the air mixed with fog to form a thick, yellowish, acrid smog that hung over Donora for five days. The sulfuric acid, nitrogen dioxide, fluorine, and other poisonous gases that usually dispersed into the atmosphere were caught in the inversion and accumulated until rain ended the weather pattern. Dr. Devra L. Davis has researched and written about the October 1948 zinc smelter related air pollution tragedy in Donora, Pennsylvania, her hometown. Link to http://www.jhu.edu/jhumag/0603web/smoke.html for more details and read her excellent 2003 book, When Smoke Ran Like Water: Tales of Environmental Deception and the Battle Against Pollution (2003).
This is clipped from the 1967 film, Beware the Wind, produced at the George Washington University with funding from the U.S. Public Health Service. In 1948, ...