02/25/2016
Before Amtrak, the passenger service was provided by the individual railroads. Often, the railroads named their passenger trains to provide customer recognition.
The Erie Railroad ran from Jersey City NJ (across the Hudson River from Manhattan) to Chicago IL. On June 2, 1929, it instituted daily service between those cities with a new premier passenger train, the Erie Limited, designated Trains 1 and 2. Compared to its chief competitors, the New York Central and the Pennsylvania RR, the Erie’s mainline between the New York City area and Chicago was longer and had steeper grades, and the Erie Limited made more stops than the competing trains. The Erie Limited couldn’t match the schedules of its rivals for thru passenger service between NY and Chicago (24 hours vs. 18), but it found favor with travelers starting or ending their journey in places not served by the Erie’s competitors.
The original Erie Limited passenger cars were painted a dark green and were pulled by one of the Erie’s K5a heavy Pacific (4-6-2) steam locomotives, with an additional “helper” locomotive on steep grades. In 1947, three-unit, 4,500 h.p. sets of General Motors F3 dual-service (freight or passenger) diesel engines replaced the K5a’s which were then transferred to commuter service. Reflecting the Erie’s conservative style, the F3’s were mostly black with yellow trim; the cars remained monotone dark green. In 1951 GM delivered fourteen E8 passenger diesels in an elegant two-tone green paint scheme which was soon applied to the passenger cars as well. The E8’s, each capable of 2,250 h.p., were almost always run in back-to-back pairs so they did not need to be turned at the end of a run.
In 1960 the Erie merged with the Delaware Lackawanna & Western which ran from Hoboken NJ (next to Jersey City) to Buffalo NY. Trains 1 and 2 were renamed the Erie-Lackawanna Limited, and the E8’s were repainted in the Lackawanna’s maroon and gray colors. The former Erie cars remained in the two-tone green scheme, but maroon and gray Lackawanna cars soon found their way into these trains. In 1963 Trains 1 and 2 were renamed the Phoebe Snow which had been the Lackawanna’s premier passenger train. The last runs of Trains 1 and 2 were made on November 27, 1966, and the E-L’s last passenger runs between New York and Chicago took place on January 14, 1970. Amtrak has never restored any of the E-L long-distance service, but New Jersey Transit and Metro North continue frequent commuter service on former E-L lines in northern New Jersey and southeastern New York.