06/05/2026
Thank you to the Indiana Historical Bureau for their encouragement and aid in the reinstallation of the historic marker for John Shaw Billings from Allensville, Indiana. Billings was one of America's most illustrious physicians and was born and raised in Cotton Township.
The original marker was on the corner of SR 250 and Allensville Road, but disappeared from view and was later found knocked down and covered with weeds. The marker was repaired by the Switzerland County Historical Society and reinstalled by the County Highway Department in 2018. The marker was again damaged when hit by a truck, necessitating a replacement. Janet Hendricks, County Historian, led the project, just as she had previously done with the Junior Historical Society. The Switzerland County Historical Society wrote the grants to cover the 1/2 match provided by the Indiana Historical Bureau. Thank you to Switzerland County Tourism and the Vevay Switzerland County Foundation for their funding, and INDOT for the installation.
From the marker:
Dr. John Shaw Billings
1838-1913
Dr. John Billings grew up in Allensville. A Civil War Surgeon, he organized field hospitals at the Battles of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. He transferred to the Surgeon-General’s Office and developed a comprehensive library, revolutionizing medical research. In the1870s, he helped compile the Index Catalogue and Index Medicus, a precursor to databases like MEDLINE.
Billings’ experience treating and transporting wounded soldiers led to his innovations in hospital design. He planned The John Hopkins Hospital, reflecting his novel ideas about medical education, hygiene, and sanitation. He devised more efficient ways to tabulate key statistics for the U.S. Census and was the first director of the New York Public Library, 1896-1913.
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Due to the problems at the previous location, the marker has been placed on the grounds of the Switzerland County Historical Museum, where people may stop and safely read this short story about this amazing Switzerland County native. Perhaps readers will be inspired to do further research into Dr. John Shaw Billings.