Urban runoff from gardens and hard surfaces is the #1 source of ocean pollution. In that runoff are pollutants such as:
Synthetic fertilizers - increased nutrients leads to algal blooms and red tides, lowering dissolved oxygen levels enough to kill aquatic habitat and fisheries. Pesticides, herbicides and fungicides - poison humans, marine life and soil biology. Automobile engine oil, exhaust
and brake pad dust as well as exhaust from utilities - poison marine life. Some larger sediment transport is needed to maintain waterways and replenish beaches. (All four of these bullets also contribute to Ocean Acidification (OA), which decreases shell- and skeleton-forming calcium carbonates in the ocean, among other problems. This causes sea life like shell fish and coral to either decline or try to put more energy into gathering carbonates, having less energy to survive. Here's a blog post about OA.) Bacteria from animal p**p - sicken humans and marine life, and can close beaches. The first one-inch of rain after a dry spell is called the "first flush," and contains most of the pollutants during a rainstorm. Traditional building codes have directed rainwater off the property to prevent flooding of a site. But this runoff contributes to flooding of neighborhoods and erosion of stream banks. It also can overwhelm sewer systems in which the storm drains and sewer infrastructure is combined. Runoff also happens during dry periods, known as dry-weather runoff, with sprinklers overwatering and overshooting the landscape. Yet, gardens and hard surfaces can prevent runoff and flooding, and still be beautiful, resourceful, and wildlife-friendly. Apply CPR to your property - Conservation, Permeability and Retention © - to revive our watersheds and oceans:
Conservation of water, energy and habitat through native plants and climate adapted plants, spaced for mature growth (the same applies to vegetable and fruit gardens), using the most efficient irrigation system to supplement rainwater use. Permeability through mulch and biologically active soil as well as using permeable materials for - or making cuts in existing - driveways, walkways and patios that allow water to percolate into the soil. Retention devices like swales/dry stream beds soak up rain water in the soil, preventing it from rushing off of the property and filtering pollutants. Water sponged up in soil provides natural flood control and supports soil microorganisms, which bring water to plants as they "request" it. Rain barrels, with overflows to landscapes, can provide water for vegetable plants during dry months. The OFG program works through education, hands-on training and policy changes. Surfrider chapters seek to support and partner with all sectors of the landscape arena: consumers can drive demand; professionals can supply services; government can measure the results.