08/30/2026
This is an opportunity to ask: Who pays the price for the AI boom?
AI may be the technology of the future, but the environmental and social costs of powering it are being felt right now — and not equally. As data centers expand, they place new demands on power grids and water systems while generating additional pollution and emissions.
So, which communities are being asked to bear those costs?
Look at Southwest Memphis. The historic Boxtown community has spent generations fighting for clean air, water and a voice in decisions affecting them. The area is already surrounded by polluting industries, including a refinery, coal power plant and pesticide manufacturer.
In 2024, Elon Musk’s xAI announced plans for its massive Colossus supercomputing facility in Southwest Memphis. Residents raised concerns about transparency and impacts on public health, air quality, water and energy.
Today, the facility operates with dozens of natural-gas-powered turbines and consumes hundreds of thousands of gallons of city water daily, with plans to expand. Meanwhile, Memphis has experienced prolonged power outages and an increasingly strained electrical grid.
So, who gets reliable access to that power — and who is left carrying the risk when infrastructure fails?
For KeShaun Pearson, founder of Memphis Communities Against Pollution, this is personal. Pearson has spent years organizing to protect his community, from fighting a proposed crude oil pipeline to pushing for stronger protections against ethylene oxide pollution. He says, “You will never be able to underestimate people power.”
That power is at the heart of environmental justice.
The AI boom should not mean sacrificing the health, resources or voices of communities that have already borne the burden of pollution. Environmental justice is social justice.
Photo 1: “Get Out of Memphis” protest, 2025. Credit: Austin Johnson.
Photo 2: xAI Colossus data center, May 2025. Credit: Stephen Voss/Redux.
Photo 3: PM2.5 pollution plumes from nine emitting sources in Memphis. Credit: Climate TRACE.