08/21/2026
Deer are a part of Maryland's ecosystem like other species of wildlife, but an overpopulation of deer can put our forest ecosystems out of balance. Deer browse on fresh tree buds and leaves that spring up from the forest floor. Like rabbits overrunning a garden, an overpopulation of deer will have detrimental effects on the undergrowth and vegetation in a forest.
In forests with dense deer numbers, the impact of deer can be plainly visible in the “browse line”—the area of vegetation extending from the ground to about six feet above the forest floor. If you see plants nibbled within the browse line, limited plant regrowth, or an abundance of invasive plants, then there are likely too many deer and not enough native trees and shrubs. This type of activity means young forest growth is being suppressed, which removes habitat from other wildlife such as turkeys, quail, and pollinating insects. As the native vegetation is reduced and eliminated, there is less competition for the many species of non-native, invasive plants that quickly attempt to occupy every last nook and cranny of our forests.
To help prevent deer browsing damage, the Maryland Forest Service uses tree shelters to allow our seedlings to get close to or above the browse height. Shelters include the noticeable plastic tubes you may have seen around the state at tree planting sites, which are the most cost-effective mechanism to prevent browsing damage. Other solutions to the issue include recruiting new and reactivating lapsed hunters through hunter education programs and hunting programs, which DNR offers throughout the year. Last year, DNR instituted a new licensing system–MD Outdoors–designed to make it easier for licensed hunters to buy and renew their licenses. By hunting deer, you can serve an important role in protecting our forests and keeping our ecosystem in balance. Read the article here: https://ow.ly/aVfo50ZCss3
Learn more about hunting in Maryland:
https://ow.ly/zY1G50ZCss0
Photo by James Corbett