08/23/2026
🇺🇦 The Ukrainian flag carries a history far older than independence in 1991 — and a history of people who risked their freedom to keep it flying.
Blue and gold appeared for centuries in the heraldry of Ukrainian lands, including the golden lion on a blue field associated with medieval Galicia. Cossack banners also frequently used blue fields with golden or yellow crosses, stars, weapons and religious imagery.
The modern Ukrainian national colors began taking shape in 1848, during Europe’s “Spring of Nations.” In Lviv, blue and yellow were adopted as Ukrainian national colors, and a blue-and-yellow banner flew over the city hall.
By the beginning of the 20th century, the colors had spread across Ukrainian lands. During the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1921, they became inseparable from the struggle for an independent Ukrainian state. Blue and yellow flew at Ukrainian demonstrations, over the Ukrainian People’s Republic and Western Ukrainian People’s Republic, and in April 1918 over ships of the Black Sea Fleet in Sevastopol.
Under Soviet rule, raising the Ukrainian flag became an act of resistance.
On May 1, 1966 Heorhiy Moskalenko and Viktor Kuksa replaced a Soviet red flag over the Kyiv Institute of National Economy with the blue and yellow. The KGB spent nine months searching for them. For raising Ukraine’s flag, Moskalenko and Kuksa were sentenced to three and two years in strict-regime labor camps.
In 1973, another group of Ukrainians secretly raised four blue-and-yellow flags in Chortkiv.
Still, the flag kept returning.
By 1989, blue and yellow was appearing openly again at Ukrainian demonstrations. In 1990, the flag rose over city halls across western Ukraine. On July 24, 1990, a massive crowd gathered as the blue-and-yellow flag was raised over Kyiv’s City Council — more than a year before Ukraine restored its independence. Soviet authorities continued resisting its return, and a prosecutor even opened a criminal case over the raising of the flag.
Then came August 24, 1991.
After Ukraine declared independence, Ukrainians carried the blue-and-yellow flag into the Verkhovna Rada. On September 4, it was raised over Parliament. On January 28, 1992, Ukraine formally adopted the blue-and-yellow banner as its State Flag.
The struggle surrounding these colors continues today.
In Ukrainian territories under russian occupation, the United Nations has documented the systematic suppression of Ukrainian identity. People have faced prosecution for displaying Ukrainian state symbols and even blue-and-yellow colors.
That history helps explain why Ukraine’s flag means so much more than a piece of cloth.
It has flown over revolutions and independent governments. It survived imperial suppression, Soviet prisons and occupation. Ukrainians carried it when doing so could cost them their freedom because the blue and yellow represented something fundamental: Ukraine’s right to exist and Ukrainians’ right to determine their own future.
On Ukraine’s State Flag Day, we honor everyone who carried these colors, protected them and raised them when others tried to tear them down.
🇺🇦 З Днем Державного Прапора України. Слава Україні!