06/09/2022
Russian Colonialism and Imperialism from the end of the Russian Empire to 2022, including invasions, attacks, crushing of anti-colonial revolts, colonization campaigns, genocides, and military crimes.
Russian colonialism dominated much of the world in the 19th century. The legacies of Russian colonial domination can be most felt during the 20th century, mostly during the Soviet period in occupied Europe, the Caucasus (Chechnya, Ingushetia, Georgia, Armenia, etc.), Central Asia, and Afghanistan.
In 2022, the modern Russian government's practice of modern colonialism, which includes invasions, occupations, brutal crimes against indigenous peoples such as murders with knives, mass deportations, arrests and executions of indigenous leaders, installation of puppet authorities, and illegal land seizures, make reconciliation and healing with former Russian colonies difficult. Denial of colonial crimes of the past, particularly during WWII, were already major hurdles to reconciliation in the 21st century.
The legacies of devastating and genocidal crimes of the Russian Empire before 1916 and the 19th century cannot be ignored, but this graphic focuses on the past century's profound legacy on Russian oppression in 2022.
Certain nations suffered far worse under Russian oppression while others suffered on a much smaller scale from small Russian military operations. Colonialism includes not just direct Russian rule, but domination through puppet dictatorships that brought widespread death, starvation, destruction, and terror over lands they ruled or made war in, with North Korea and the Korean War as an example. Imperialism, which is a much broader term, can include limited military operations that lead to gross human rights abuses against civilians, with operations in Sub-Saharan Africa as examples.