07/18/2025
On July 18, 1775, the Second Continental Congress continued its efforts to organize the Continental Army and manage the ongoing conflict with Great Britain. They were focused on directing the war effort, supporting delegated powers in various departments, promoting religious freedom, and advocating for decentralized governance in the colonies. The Congress also addressed the need for securing the friendship of the Six Nations of Indians and debated the formation and organization of a democratically organized militia.
Recognizing the potential importance of Native American tribes, the Continental Congress sent a message to the Six Nations, aiming to secure their neutrality in the conflict. The message, translated by Reverend Samuel Kirkland, emphasized the colonists' desire for peace and requested that the tribes not take up arms against them.
Pressed to join one side or the other, the Tuscarora and the Oneida sided with the colonists, while the Mohawk, Seneca, Onondaga, and Cayuga remained loyal to Great Britain, with whom they had stronger relationships. Supporting either side in the Revolutionary War was a complicated decision.
Following the American Revolution, the Six Nations Confederacy (Haudenosaunee) faced significant challenges and divisions due to their involvement on opposing sides of the conflict. The Mohawk, Seneca, Cayuga, and Onondaga largely allied with the British, while the Oneida and Tuscarora supported the Americans. This division led to internal strife and ultimately resulted in land cessions and displacement for many members of the Confederacy.