06/13/2023
We are sharing this information from the Friends of Monmouth Battlefield! You might just find some of us out on the battlefield this weekend.
245th Anniversary of the Battle of Monmouth Reenactment
While our reenactment is taking place on June 17th and 18th, the original Battle of Monmouth took place on June 28th, 1778. The Battle of Monmouth was the biggest and longest one day battle of the war. The two sides did not engage in any large battles in the north after Monmouth.
In June of 1778, the British army upon learning the French were coming to assist the Americans withdrew from the captured American capital Philadelphia to their main base in New York City. While some troops went by sea, about 20,000 British troops had to march across New Jersey to New York. The British left Philadelphia on June 18 reaching Monmouth Court House on June 27th and stopped for a day to rest. The Americans marched from Valley Forge, PA on June 19th, camping near Englishtown on June 27th.
The British began to leave Monmouth Courthouse on the morning of June 28th. When their rear guard was attacked by the American advance force east of Monmouth Court House, Clinton sent Cornwallis’ division back to face them. The American troops, led by Lee, were forced to retreat to the west of Freehold, where they met Washington’s main force near Tennent. The fresh American troops stopped the British advance around noon. After a long midday cannonade the two sides sparred with each other in the late afternoon but neither side could gain an advantage. The British pulled their lines back late in the day. Late at night they resumed their march to Sandy Hook and then New York.
The battle was technically a draw as neither side was able to outfight the other. The British claimed a victory because they defeated Lee’s advance force and stopped the Americans from attacking their long column of wagons and supplies. The Americans claimed victory because they occupied the battlefield after the British left. This greatly increased American morale and strengthened Washington’s position as commander of the army.
See our page https://www.friendsofmonmouth.org/historical.html for more information including articles on Molly Pitcher, Morgan’s Rifleman, French – Hessians - German participation at Monmouth, the Revolutionary War in New Jersey and much more.