05/30/2026
Haddon Township Women in the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps During World War II
The U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps was a federal program established in 1943 by the Nurse Training Act to alleviate the critical nursing shortage during World War II. It was NOT a military training program or associated with military rank or duties. Locally, Cooper Hospital, West Jersey Hospital, and Hahnemann Schools of Nursing participated in the cadet training plan. The same standards and requirements governing becoming a registered nurse were applied to the cadets’ training. Their curriculum was the same, there were no shortcuts or deletions of any part. However, their training was accelerated. Instead of three years, their training took 24-30 months. There was heavy pressure to study, and they had earlier practical experience in hospital wards. It was very challenging, but it also gave cadets an immediate sense of participating in the war effort. In exchange for their pledge to serve in health care facilities for the duration of the war, the program provided subsidized tuition, uniforms, and a monthly stipend. It also gave them an excellent career path as a registered nurse to continue after the war. In its first year (1943-44) the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps enrolled over 65,000 new student nurses. By 1945, Cadet Nurses were providing 80% of the nursing care in U.S. hospitals.
Our research located 5 Haddon Township women enrolled in the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps: Julia E. Klopp (29 Wynnewood Ave.), Jane C. Boedker (84 Virginia Ave.), Alice H. Townsend (111 Melrose Ave.), Julia M. Kleinschmidt (58 E. Collingswood Ave.), and Mary M. Berglund (210 Virginia Ave.).
Julia E. Klopp graduated from Collingswood High School, Class of 1938. She enrolled in the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps in August 1943 and received her education at West Jersey Hospital’s School of Nursing. Jane C. Boedker attended Collingswood High School, Class of 1945, before enrolling in the Cadet Training program. She received her education at Hahnemann Hospital School of Nursing. After serving in the Cadet Nurse Corps, Jane earned her Master’s in nursing education from West Chester University. She was a registered nurse for 45 years, the final 25 years as a school nurse for the Pottstown School District. Alice H. Townsend attended Collingswood High School, Class of 1929. She went on to earn a B.S. degree in education from NJ State Normal School at Glassboro in 1932, and taught for several years. In 1945 she began her training with the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps at Bryn Mawr College Summer School of Nursing, followed by attending Johns Hopkins Hospital School of Nursing in Baltimore, MD. After the war, Alice Townsend became a Baptist missionary nurse and administrator, serving in the American Baptist mission in Assam, India for 27 years. Julia M. Kleinschmidt graduated from Collingswood High School, Class of 1942. She entered the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps in 1944, and graduated from West Jersey Hospital School of Nursing in 1946. Mary M. Berglund was in the Class of 1943 at Collingswood High School. Mary entered the U. S. Cadet Nurse Corps in August 1943, graduating from West Jersey Hospital School of Nursing in 1946. Mary married Bernard Carman in 1949. In 1950 she was active in arranging the West Jersey Hospital Nurses Alumni Association reunion and chairing the annual ball.
The American Hospital Association credited cadet nurses with helping to prevent the collapse of America’s nursing care during World War II, but their contributions are largely forgotten. It is important that we preserve their legacy, honor, and remember the nurses of the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps by telling their story. If you are a relative of a former cadet nurse who lived in Haddon Township when she joined the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps, please let us know. If you are the relative of any woman who became a nurse through the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps, you may also wish to honor her legacy by sharing her story at uscadetnurse.org.