A Coalition to Help Fight the Fight
Drug overdose deaths in the United States more than tripled from 1999 to 2015. The current epidemic of drug overdoses began in the 1990s, driven by increasing deaths from prescription opioids that paralleled a dramatic increase in the prescribing of such drugs for chronic pain. In 2008, the number of deaths involving prescription opioids exceeded the number of deaths from he**in and co***ne combined. Since 2010, however, the U.S. has also seen sharp increases in deaths from he**in, synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, co***ne, and methamphetamine. In addition to deaths, overdoses from drugs both prescription and illicit are responsible for parallel increasing trends in nonfatal emergency department and hospital admissions.
Morbidity and mortality statistics, however, fail to capture the full extent of the problem with substance use disorders in the United States. Survey data indicate that tens of millions of Americans misuse prescription opioids, sedatives, tranquilizers, and stimulants. Others use illicit drugs such as he**in, fentanyl, co***ne, and methamphetamine. Most persons using he**in have had a history of misusing prescription opioids first.
The problem with misuse of prescription drugs of various kinds is related to high levels of prescribing of such medications. For example, in 2016 prescribers wrote 66.5 opioid and 25.2 sedative prescriptions for every 100 Americans. (CDC Annual Surveillance Report of Drug-Related Risks & Outcomes, 2017)