06/16/2026
June 17, 1775 "The Battle of Bunker Hill."
Here, hundreds of British soldiers and colonial militia fought and died during the first major battle of the American Revolution.
This battle took place throughout the hilly landscape and fenced pastures of Charlestown, a town just north of Boston. While named after the highest hill in the area, Bunker Hill, the battle took place on Breed's Hill, the hill situated closest to the Charles River.
William Prescott's men again, must wait until the last minute to open fire. "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes". This time, however, they are running short on ammunition and are soon overrun by, General Thomas Gage and his British soldiers, whom they fight with rocks and the butts of their muskets as they dodge the "Arrows of death."
No longer able to withstand the British attack, Prescott's men retreat north over the road to Cambridge, as General Stark's New Hampshire troops cover them in the rear. One of the last to abandon the fort on Breed's Hill, Doctor Joseph Warren is killed. Warren was shot in the face with a musket ball, a series of bayonet wounds after and stripped of his clothes.
Joseph Warren played a first-hand role in the raising of militias in and around Boston. While Sam Adams was away in 1774, Warren assumed the role of raising militias and the procurement of gunpowder, arms, and other supplies. When Adams and Hancock returned to Boston, they had learned a bounty was placed on their heads by the British crown. Joseph Warren directed Paul Revere and William Dawes to warn the leaders that the British were coming for them on the night of April 18, 1775 in Lexington, where Hancock and Adams were hiding.
When the British took the field and began burying the dead, they put Warren in a mass grave. His remains were later identified by Paul Revere, who was able to identify him by the gold wiring and dental work, he had fashioned for him. His body was moved to several different burial grounds, but his final resting place was found in 1855 in his family’s plot at Forest Hill’s Cemetery in Boston.
After 2 hours of fighting, British casualties totaled 1,054. Colonial losses totaled an estimated 450 soldiers by comparison. When the smoke cleared, the town of Charlestown laid destroyed. Residents were forced to move or start their lives anew.
News of the battle helped unite the thirteen colonies. In the aftermath of the battle, General George Washington assumed command of the colonial forces around Boston in July 1775.
Abigail Adams and her son John Quincy Adams watched the Battle of Bunker Hill from a distance, specifically from Penn's Hill in Braintree (now Quincy), Massachusetts. They observed the battle from afar, witnessing the smoke and hearing the sounds of cannon fire. John Quincy, then around seven years old, later recalled the experience, even mentioning seeing the fires of Charlestown and his mother's tears upon learning of the death of Dr. Joseph Warren, their physician and close friend.