08/23/2026
In 1780, the Battle of Camden took place in present-day Kershaw County, South Carolina. American General Horatio Gates faced off against British General Charles Cornwallis in the sandhill country north of Camden.
The battle was a devastating loss for the Americans, with Gates and his army being completely defeated. There were about 3700 American troops in the battle, and over 1900 of them were either killed, wounded, or captured. The British had 2250 troops and suffered around 325 casualties.
The British victory was completed when Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton and his British Legion attacked the last standing Continental troops on the field from behind. Continental commander, General Johann Baron de Kalb was fatally wounded during the final stand and died a few days later.
One surviving Continental officer, Lieutenant Colonel John Eager Howard of Maryland, gathered as many survivors as he could and led them on a challenging journey through the wilderness, avoiding British patrols on the way back to Hillsborough, North Carolina.
General Gates’s defeat at Camden marked the second loss of a Continental Army in South Carolina within 90 days. At a critical time in the Revolution, General Nathanael Greene took command of the battered remnants of Gate’s Southern Army in late 1780.
In January 1781, Banastre Tarleton and John Eager Howard met again on the battlefield at Cowpens. At Cowpens, General Daniel Morgan’s army nearly wiped-out Tarleton’s command, and this time it was Tarleton who fled from the battlefield with his surviving troops, avoiding American patrols on a desperate journey to safety.
NPS Image, Painting by Pamela Patrick White.