21/08/2026
🤰 PKU Guidelines Explained: Maternal PKU – Nutritional Aspects.
Good nutrition before conception and throughout pregnancy is a central part of maternal PKU care. It supports metabolic control, maternal health and the baby’s development. The revised European PKU Guidelines highlight several important nutritional considerations:
⚖️ Avoid weight loss
Weight loss can increase blood phenylalanine (Phe) levels and the risk of Phe toxicity, particularly during the first trimester. Women should aim to enter pregnancy at a healthy weight and achieve appropriate weight gain throughout pregnancy.
🤢 Treat nausea and vomiting promptly
Nausea and vomiting can reduce energy and protein intake, disrupt Phe control and contribute to inadequate weight gain. Early management and support from the metabolic team are therefore essential.
🥛 Meet increased protein requirements
During the first and second trimesters, an additional 20% of protein should be provided through protein substitute. In the third trimester, a further 30 g of protein per day is recommended. As natural protein tolerance often increases during pregnancy, part of this additional requirement may usually be met through natural protein, with intake adjusted individually.
💊 Take folic acid
At least 400 μg of folic acid daily should be taken before conception and throughout the first 12 weeks of pregnancy.
🧠 Include DHA supplementation
At least 200 mg of DHA (n-3) daily is recommended for all women from preconception and throughout pregnancy.
👩⚕️ Every pregnancy is different. Nutritional intake, protein tolerance, weight gain and supplementation should be regularly reviewed with the specialist metabolic team to ensure that care is tailored to the individual needs of both mother and baby.
🔎 Explore the complete collection of European PKU Guideline infographics:
https://www.espku.org/envira/guidelines-infographics/
📘 Read the revised European PKU Guidelines:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1096719225001167