03/08/2026
STATEMENT OF OPPOSITION
Stop killing our mangroves! Save Cancabato Bay!
Statement Opposing the Proposed Earthballing of Mangroves in Cancabato Bay for the DZR Airport Bird Strike Mitigation Project
We express our strong opposition to the earthballing and relocation of mangroves in Cancabato Bay as a means of addressing bird strike risks at Daniel Z. Romualdez (DZR) Airport. While ensuring aviation safety is a legitimate public concern, it should not come at the expense of an ecologically critical coastal ecosystem. Destruction of mangroves is an assault to our existing but already fragile, blue economy. There are more effective, science-based, and less destructive alternatives available.
Bird strikes are a challenge faced by airports around the world. However, new technology and best practices in wildlife hazard management emphasize integrated approaches such as habitat modification within airport premises, improved waste management, bird monitoring and detection systems, operational adjustments and dispersals, and other non-lethal wildlife management measures.
Earthballing of mangroves is itself a controversial practice. Transplanting mangroves results in only an average of 10-25% survival rates (Sornito, 2026) due to transplant shock, root disturbance, and changes in hydrological conditions (Primavera and Esteban, 2008; Gorman et al, 2022). Ecological functions of a mature mangrove forest cannot simply be transferred from one location to another (Bosire et al, 2008).
Mangrove provide nursery grounds for fish and crustaceans, habitat for migratory and resident wildlife, protection against coastal erosion and storm surges, and livelihood to communities.These forests are highly effective blue carbon ecosystems, storing substantial amounts of carbon in both their biomass and waterlogged soils. Disturbing these forests risks releasing stored carbon while reducing their long-term capacity to sequester greenhouse gases.
We assert that the earthballing activities are illegal, violating the following orders:
The Philippine Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) System (Presidential Decree No. 1586) requires environmentally critical projects and projects within environmentally critical areas to undergo rigorous environmental assessment before implementation. We demand to see that these assessments demonstrate that environmental impacts have been properly identified, minimized, and addressed.
The Expanded National Integrated Protected Areas System (ENIPAS) Act of 2018 (Republic Act No. 11038) recognizes the importance of conserving protected areas and their biodiversity through sustainable management. Cancabato Bay is locally a fish sanctuary, this forms part of a protected area or legislated protected seascape. Thus, all activities within its boundaries must be consistent with its approved management plan and conservation objectives.
Wildlife Resources Conservation and Protection Act (Republic Act No. 9147) mandates the conservation and protection of wildlife and their habitats. Mangrove ecosystems in Cancabato that support numerous resident and migratory bird species, aquatic organisms, and other wildlife, should be conserved and protected.
The Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998 (Republic Act No. 8550), as amended by Republic Act No. 10654, recognizes mangroves as essential fish habitats and promotes the protection, conservation, and rehabilitation of coastal ecosystems to ensure sustainable fisheries and food security. Established mangrove should not be degraded.
At a time when the Philippines islands are extremely vulnerable to climate change, as it continues to strengthen its climate adaptation and mitigation commitments under the Climate Change Act of 2009 (Republic Act No. 9729), the destruction or displacement of mature mangrove ecosystems gravely counters our national climate resilience objectives.
The local government units surrounding the bay, together with the Provincial Government of Leyte and concerned national agencies, have a legal and moral obligation to uphold existing environmental laws. They should ensure that management decisions strengthen and not weaken the protection of this invaluable ecosystem.
Development and environmental protection are not mutually exclusive. Sustainable development requires solutions that safeguard both public infrastructure and ecological integrity. We therefore call on the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP), the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), the concerned local government units, and all relevant agencies to halt the earthballing of mangroves! Instead pursue evidence-based bird strike mitigation measures that do not compromise protected coastal ecosystems.
Stop killing our mangroves! Save Cancabato Bay!
Reference:
Bosire, J. O., Dahdouh-Guebas, F., Walton, M., Crona, B. I., Lewis, R. R., Field, C., Kairo, J. G., & Koedam, N. (2008). Functionality of restored mangroves: A review. Aquatic Botany, 89(2), 251โ259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquabot.2008.03.010
Gorman, D., Vanderklift, M. A., & Lafratta, A. (2022). Quantitative Analysis of Methodological and Environmental Influences on Survival of Planted Mangroves in Restoration and Afforestation. Forests, 13(3), 404. https://doi.org/10.3390/f13030404
Primavera, J., & Esteban, J. M. A. (2008). A review of mangrove rehabilitation in the Philippines: successes, failures and future prospects. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 16(5), 345-358. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-008-9101-y
Sornito, I. 2026. Earth-balling detrimental to mangroves: marine scientist. Agriculture, Health and Medicine. Science for Every Juan. DOST-STII. https://www.science.ph/articles/earth-balling-detrimental-to-mangroves-marine-scientist?s=&category=health-and-medicine&topic=global-and-environmental-health