11/04/2026
๐พ๐ค๐ฃ๐จ๐๐ฃ๐ฉ ๐๐๐ฉ๐ฉ๐๐ง๐จ: ๐๐ฉ๐ค๐ฅ ๐๐ค๐ฃ-๐พ๐ค๐ฃ๐จ๐๐ฃ๐จ๐ช๐๐ก ๐๐ฃ๐ฉ๐๐ข๐๐ฉ๐ ๐๐ข๐๐๐๐ง๐ฎ
According to the Foundation for Media Alternatives (FMA), in 2025 the Philippines recorded 93 cases of Technology-Facilitated Gender-Based Violence (TFGBV), 15 of which involved non-consensual intimate imagery. Non-consensual intimate imagery (NCII), also known as image-based sexual abuse, refers to the creation, distribution, or threat of sharing private sexual or intimate images of a person without their consent. This includes content that may have originally been shared in confidence, images obtained through unauthorized access such as hacking, or digitally manipulated media. Regardless of how the material is obtained, the defining characteristic of NCII is the lack of consent either in the creation, distribution, or both, making it a serious violation of privacy and personal autonomy.
It is a growing global issue fueled by the widespread use of smartphones and social media, disproportionately affecting women and girls. Perpetrators are often known to the victim, such as former partners, though strangers and anonymous users also contribute. The impact is severe, causing emotional distress including anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress, along with feelings of shame and loss of control. The rapid and uncontrollable spread of such content can damage reputations, lead to social isolation, and raise safety concerns, while its permanence online makes it extremely difficult to fully remove, prolonging the harm experienced by victims.
In the Philippines, the Anti-Photo and Video Voyeurism Act of 2009 (Republic Act No. 9995) specifically addresses these offenses by making it illegal to capture, copy, or distribute intimate images without the subjectโs permission, including through digital platforms. Alongside legal measures, technology companies have also implemented policies and tools to combat NCII, such as content moderation systems, user reporting mechanisms, and hash-matching technologies designed to prevent the re-upload of known abusive material.
Efforts to address NCII also emphasize prevention and victim support. Several public awareness campaigns and educational initiatives aim to promote digital consent, respectful relationships, and responsible online behavior. Also, support services, including counseling, legal assistance, and helplines, play a crucial role in helping victims cope with the emotional and legal challenges associated with NCII.
Reference: https://fma.ph/technology-facilitated-gender-based-violence-tfgbv-in-the-philippines-year-end-data-mapping-report/
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