18/04/2026
The Journey to a Final Negative Result For A Child Born From HIV + Mothers (Testing Schedule)
The testing schedule for an HIV-exposed infant is a careful process designed to catch any possible transmission at different stages of growth. We start right at birth (or first contact) using a DBS (Dried Blood Spot) test. This early test is done to see if the baby contracted the virus while still in the uterus. By pricking the heel or big toe, we get the blood needed to look for the virus itself.
โThe second test happens at 6 weeks. This is a critical point because we are checking for any transmission that might have occurred during the delivery process. Even with the best care, small injuries or blood exchange during birth can happen. Testing at 6 weeks gives us enough time to see if the virus has appeared in the baby's system following the delivery.
โAs the baby grows, we test again at 6 months and 9 months using DBS. Since we advise exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months, these tests are vital to ensure the baby remains negative while consuming breast milk. Even with good adherence to "sweets" by the mother, we never take a chance and continue monitoring the baby's status closely.
โAt 12 months (1 year), the process changes slightly. We start with a rapid test (Determine). If this is positive, we confirm it with a DBS test rather than a second rapid test like Bioline. Because DBS results can take time to return from the lab, we start the child on treatment immediately as a precaution. If the DBS eventually comes back negative, we can stop the treatment and perform a follow-up test to be absolutely certain.
โThe final stretch includes tests at 18 months and 24 months. These follow the same "Rapid test confirmed by DBS" protocol. Once a child reaches 2 years of age and receives a negative result, we can finally and joyfully declare the child HIV-negative. This two-year journey of testing is what ensures our children can grow up healthy and free from the virus.