Mastra - Maritime Strategic Association of Malaysia

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Its membership is opened to all individuals with interests, qualifications, expertise and experience in the maritime field, and individuals who are passionate about maritime matters regardless of educational background.

Malaysia possesses a significant maritime industry encompassing shipping, ports, fisheries, offshore services, tourism, ...
13/08/2026

Malaysia possesses a significant maritime industry encompassing shipping, ports, fisheries, offshore services, tourism, boatbuilding, marinas, inland waterways, and government maritime agencies.
While international conventions regulate commercial shipping, there is currently no single independent national technical organization dedicated to developing consensus-based safety standards and recommended practices for Malaysia's broader maritime sector, particularly for unclassed vessels. The recent IMO organized roundtable discussion held in Langkawi 29-30th June exposed current gaps in maritime safety regulations. In response, MASTRA has established a work group to address these issues, and a kick-off meeting was held 10th August 2026. Stay tuned for further developments.

Congratulations and thank you to Politeknik Ungku Omar for successfully organising the event with Mastra - Maritime Str...
10/07/2026

Congratulations and thank you to Politeknik Ungku Omar for successfully organising the event with Mastra - Maritime Strategic Association of Malaysia

The Ministry of Transport and Jabatan Laut organized a 2 day roundtable discussion on Improving Domestic Ferry Transport...
02/07/2026

The Ministry of Transport and Jabatan Laut organized a 2 day roundtable discussion on Improving Domestic Ferry Transportation Safety in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and the wider ASEAN region in a resort hotel in Langkawi, 29th and 30th June. MASTRA members were in attendance and contributed positively to the discussions. A key topic was safety regulations for the design, construction and operation of unclassed vessels in Malaysia. Watch this space for follow-up steps.

ASEAN O&G MARKET OUTLOOK 2026The ASEAN oil & gas landscape in 2026 is undergoing a major transition. While governments a...
22/06/2026

ASEAN O&G MARKET OUTLOOK 2026

The ASEAN oil & gas landscape in 2026 is undergoing a major transition. While governments are pushing renewable energy & decarbonization, oil & gas remain critical for energy security, industrial growth & power generation.

1. Overall ASEAN Outlook
ASEAN energy demand is projected to grow by 3–4% annually due to industrialization, urbanization & population growth.
Natural gas remains the preferred transition fuel because it emits less CO₂ than coal.
The region is becoming increasingly dependent on imported oil & LNG despite having significant hydrocarbon resources.
Energy security has become a top priority following geopolitical tensions in the Middle East & disruptions in global shipping routes.

2. Major ASEAN Producers

🇲🇾 Malaysia
Key Players:
> PETRONAS
> Hibiscus Petroleum
> Sapura Energy (services)
> Velesto (drilling)

Opportunities:
> Deepwater exploration offshore Sabah & Sarawak.
> Carbon Capture, Utilization & Storage (CCUS).
> LNG expansion & gas monetization.
> Decommissioning of aging offshore assets.

Challenges:
> Mature oil fields.
> Need for enhanced oil recovery (EOR).
> Competition for exploration investment.

🇮🇩 Indonesia
Largest ASEAN oil & gas market.
Key Projects:
> Masela Gas Project.
> Tangguh LNG expansion.
> East Natuna gas development.

Opportunities:
> Massive gas reserves.
> LNG exports.
> Petrochemical investments.

Challenges:
> Declining oil production.
> Complex regulations.

🇻🇳 Vietnam
> Fast-growing offshore sector.
Key Areas:
> Nam Con Son Basin.
> Cuu Long Basin.

Opportunities:
> Gas-to-power projects.
> Offshore exploration.
> LNG terminals.

Challenges:
> South China Sea geopolitical tensions.

🇹🇭 Thailand
Mature producer focused on natural gas.
Key Assets:
> Gulf of Thailand fields.
> Erawan & Bongkot fields.

Opportunities:
> LNG import infrastructure.
> Offshore redevelopment.

Challenges:
> Declining domestic production.

🇧🇳 Brunei
>Highly dependent on oil & gas.

Opportunities:
> Enhanced recovery projects.
> LNG exports.
> Downstream diversification.

Challenges:
> Economic diversification beyond hydrocarbons.

3. LNG Market
LNG is currently the fastest-growing segment.
Major LNG Players:
● Malaysia (PETRONAS)
● Indonesia
● Brunei
● Singapore (trading hub)

Demand Drivers:
● Power generation.
● Industrial growth.
● Coal-to-gas transition.

By 2030, ASEAN LNG imports expected to increase significantly in:
● Vietnam
● Thailand
● Philippines
● Singapore

4. Offshore Services Market
Strong demand exists for:
◇ Offshore support vessels (OSV)
◇ Platform supply vessels (PSV)
◇ Anchor handling tug supply (AHTS)
◇ Subsea services
◇ Inspection, Repair & Maintenance (IRM)
◇ Decommissioning

5. Impact of Middle East Geopolitical Risks
Risks around the Strait of Hormuz & Red Sea continue to affect:
☆ Crude oil prices.
☆ LNG shipping costs.
☆ Marine insurance premiums.
☆ Bunker fuel prices.

Visit and follow us for more info

www.mastra.org.my
www.octrexholdings.com

Mastra - Maritime Strategic Association of Malaysia
Octrex Holdings

WHAT IF - SEAWATER AS FUELUsing seawater directly as fuel for a marine vessel is not currently possible because seawater...
16/06/2026

WHAT IF - SEAWATER AS FUEL

Using seawater directly as fuel for a marine vessel is not currently possible because seawater itself does not contain readily usable chemical energy. However, seawater can be used as a source of fuel in several advanced concepts:

1. Hydrogen from Seawater
Seawater contains water (H₂O), which can be split into hydrogen and oxygen through electrolysis.
Process:
● Seawater → Desalination/Purification
● Electrolysis → Hydrogen (H₂) + Oxygen (O₂)
● Hydrogen used in:
Fuel cells
Hydrogen internal combustion engines

Advantages
● Virtually unlimited resource at sea.
● Zero carbon emissions at point of use.

Challenges
● Electrolysis requires significant electricity.
● Producing hydrogen onboard consumes more energy than the hydrogen releases.
● Large storage tanks are needed.

2. Nuclear-Powered Hydrogen Production
◇ Future vessels could use small modular reactors to generate electricity, then produce hydrogen from seawater onboard.

Examples:
◇ Naval submarines and aircraft carriers already use nuclear power, though not for hydrogen production.

3. Seawater + Aluminum Reaction
Some experimental systems use aluminum or other reactive metals:
■ Aluminum + seawater → Hydrogen gas + heat
■ Hydrogen then powers fuel cells.
This is promising for long-endurance unmanned vessels but requires replenishing aluminum.

4. Direct Seawater Fuel Cells (Research Stage)
Scientists are researching fuel cells that use dissolved minerals and ions in seawater to generate electricity directly. Power density remains too low for large commercial ships.

Potential for Malaysia
Given Malaysia's maritime sector and abundant seawater, a practical future pathway could be:

》Offshore renewable energy (solar, wind, wave).
》Produce green hydrogen from seawater.
》Store hydrogen as:
Compressed H₂
Liquid hydrogen
Ammonia (NH₃)
》Use hydrogen/ammonia-powered fishing vessels, tuna longliners, and coastal vessels.

Visit and follow us for more info
www.mastra.org.my
www.octrexholdings.com

Mastra - Maritime Strategic Association of Malaysia
Octrex Holdings

In an article contributed by MASTRA published in the Ingenieur issue 103 (July-Sept 2025), issues on maritime engineerin...
11/06/2026

In an article contributed by MASTRA published in the Ingenieur issue 103 (July-Sept 2025), issues on maritime engineering in Malaysia were raised. This led to a presentation by MASTRA to the Board on April 3rd 2026 on the subject. On 10th June 2026 a follow up meeting was held with representatives of Jabatan Laut Malaysia present. Very informative and fruitful discussions were held between the Board, Jabatan Laut and MASTRA. Hopefully the continuing efforts by all stakeholders will lead to changes and improvements in the practice of engineering in Malaysia’s maritime sector.

Congratulations to MASTRA member Pierre Lim and his team from Automind/Unity for organizing the very successful inaugura...
08/06/2026

Congratulations to MASTRA member Pierre Lim and his team from Automind/Unity for organizing the very successful inaugural Regional Marine Technology & Robotics Forum at the Pinetree Marina Resort, Puteri Harbour, Johor Bahru on 20 May 2026. Highly informative sessions on robotics and unmanned vessel technology. Speakers, panelists and attendees came from throughout the ASEAN region and China.

CARGO TANK GAS FREE The cargo tank degassing process is carried out to remove flammable, toxic, or inert gases from a ta...
08/06/2026

CARGO TANK GAS FREE

The cargo tank degassing process is carried out to remove flammable, toxic, or inert gases from a tank and replace them with fresh air so that the tank becomes safe for inspection, maintenance, repairs, or hot work.

Typical Cargo Tank Degassing Procedure

1. Cargo Discharge Completion
× Ensure all cargo has been discharged.
× Strip cargo lines and pumps.
× Drain remaining residues to slop tanks where applicable.

2. Tank Washing
- Wash cargo tanks using fixed or portable tank cleaning machines.
- Remove cargo residues from tank surfaces.
- Collect wash water in slop tanks.

3. Purging (If Tank Is Inerted)
> Replace inert gas with fresh air, or in some cases use an intermediate gas depending on cargo type.
> Reduce hydrocarbon concentration gradually.

4. Ventilation / Degassing
* Open designated tank openings and vents.
* Use fixed or portable fans/blowers.
* Introduce fresh air and exhaust contaminated atmosphere through venting systems.
* Continue until hydrocarbon levels are below required limits.

5. Atmosphere Testing
Test at:
● Tank top
● Mid-depth
● Tank bottom
● Pump room (if applicable)

Typical acceptance criteria:
Oxygen: approximately 20.9%
● Hydrocarbon concentration: below 1% LFL (or as company procedures require)
● Toxic gases (H₂S, benzene, etc.) below occupational exposure limits.

6. Gas-Free Certification
☆ Authorized officer or marine chemist conducts final testing.
☆ Issue Gas-Free Certificate if required.

7. Entry Permit
Before personnel entry:
■ Complete enclosed-space entry permit.
■ Establish continuous ventilation.
■ Prepare rescue equipment and standby personnel.

Example Sequence for a Crude Oil Tanker
》Discharge crude oil.
》Crude Oil Washing (COW).
》Water wash.
》Strip residues.
》Ventilate tanks using portable fans.
》Measure O₂ and hydrocarbon levels.
》Gas-free certification.
》Tank inspection or repair.

Safety Precautions
◇ No smoking or ignition sources.
◇ Use intrinsically safe equipment.
◇ Monitor atmosphere continuously.
◇ Follow enclosed-space entry procedures.
◇ Maintain communication with personnel inside tanks.

For oil tankers, chemical tankers, and LNG/LPG carriers, the detailed degassing procedure differs because of the cargo characteristics and regulatory requirements.

Visit and follow us for more info
www.mastra.org.my
www.octrexholdings.com

Mastra - Maritime Strategic Association of Malaysia
Octrex Holdings

PERSONAL TRANFER BASKET IN MARINE In the marine and offshore industry, a Personnel Transfer Basket (sometimes called a m...
28/05/2026

PERSONAL TRANFER BASKET IN MARINE

In the marine and offshore industry, a Personnel Transfer Basket (sometimes called a man basket or personnel basket) is a specially designed device used to safely transfer personnel between:
- vessels,
- offshore platforms,
- FPSOs,
- rigs,
- jetties, or
- offshore wind structures,
usually by crane lifting operations.

Common Types of Marine Personnel Transfer Baskets

1. Billy Pugh Basket
The most common offshore transfer basket.
Features:
> Circular design
> Shock-absorbing inner ring
> Multiple standing positions
> Used for quick personnel transfer

2. FROG Personnel Transfer Device
A capsule-style transfer system offering more protection from:
》waves,
》impact,
》wind,
》falling risks.
Often used in harsh weather environments.

3. Rigid Personnel Basket
A metal-framed rigid basket with:
◇ fixed floor,
◇ guard rails,
◇ attachment points for harnesses.
◇ Used for maintenance and industrial lifting.

4. Swing Rope Transfer Basket
● Older transfer method using rope-supported standing platforms.
● Less common today due to safety improvements and stricter regulations.

Main Safety Features
Marine personnel transfer baskets normally include:
☆ Shock absorption system
☆ Anti-slip flooring
☆ High-visibility colors
☆ Certified lifting points
☆ Emergency flotation
☆ Fall protection harness points

Relevant Standards & Guidelines
Common offshore references include:
× International Maritime Organization guidelines
× American Petroleum Institute RP 2D
× Occupational Safety and Health
× Administration lifting safety rules
× DNV offshore lifting certifications

Typical Offshore Uses
¤ Crew change operations
¤ Emergency evacuation
¤ Maintenance crew transfer
¤ Ship-to-platform personnel movement
¤ Offshore wind farm access

Visit and follow us for more info
www.mastra.org.my
www.octrexholdings.com

Mastra - Maritime Strategic Association of Malaysia
Octrex Holdings

LIFEBOAT Lifeboats are specially designed boats used for emergency evacuation, mainly from ships. They come in several t...
25/05/2026

LIFEBOAT

Lifeboats are specially designed boats used for emergency evacuation, mainly from ships. They come in several types depending on their design, launching method, and purpose. Here are the main types:

1. Open Lifeboats
● These are the oldest and simplest type.
● No roof or enclosure
● Exposed to weather (rain, wind, waves)
● Lightweight and easy to launch
● Mostly outdated now but still used in some small vessels

2. Partially Enclosed Lifeboats
☆ Covered top but open sides or entrances
☆ Offers some protection from weather
☆ Common on older cargo ships
☆ Easier access than fully enclosed boats

3. Fully Enclosed Lifeboats
》Completely covered (capsule-like design)
》Protects passengers from fire, waves, and harsh weather
》Self-righting (can flip back upright if
overturned)
》Most common type on modern ships

4. Free-Fall Lifeboats
> Mounted at the stern (back of ship)
> Drop directly into the sea from height
> Designed for quick evacuation in emergencies
> Strong, enclosed, and impact-resistant

5. Inflatable Liferafts
× Compact and stored in containers
× Automatically inflate when deployed
× Lightweight and widely used
× Common on both ships and aircraft

6. Rescue Boats (Fast Rescue Boats)
□ Smaller, high-speed boats
□ Used for rescuing people from water
□ Equipped with engines and navigation tools
□ Often accompany larger lifeboats

Visit and follow us for more info
www.mastra.org.my
www.octrexholdings.com

Mastra - Maritime Strategic Association of Malaysia
Octrex Holdings

Address

22-2, Jalan Puteri 3A/6, Bandar Puteri Bangi, Sungai Way
New Village
43000

Telephone

+60126804047

Website

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