Inya Economic Journal

08/07/2024

Title: The Quality of Life of Legal Myanmar Migrant Labors in Mae Sot, Thailand: The Case of Mae Tao Community

Authors: Htwe Ko & Nutthathirataa Withitwinyuchon

Issue: IEJ Vol.3 No.(1)

Publication Date: June 2024

Abstract
This research objects to propose the solutions for improving the quality of life of legal Myanmar migrant labors from Mae Tao community in Mae Sot, Thailand. Many researchers have been studied on international migration with different focuses, nevertheless, the quality of life of migrants has not much represented, especially for the country like Myanmar. Therefore, this study explores the current state of quality of life among legal Myanmar migrant labors in Mae Sot, Thailand. Twelve legal Myanmar migrant workers were interviewed by employing semi-structured designed questions followed by open discussion and follow-up questions upon how the interviewees led to the points. This study focused on aspects such ass material wealth, physical and mental health, legal protection and work-life balance of those legal Myanmar migrant labors from Mae Tao Community in Mae Sot, Tak Province of Thailand. The findings reveal that legal Myanmar migrant labors’ objective wellbeing is poor but subjective wellbeing is high. It also seems comparatively connected to the background and environment they originally came from when migrating for better living.

To read the article: https://www.inyaeconomics.org/articles/the-quality-of-life-of-legal-myanmar-migrant-labors-in-mae-sot-thailand-the-case-of-mae-tao-community/

To read all of the IEJ issues: https://www.inyaeconomics.org/issues/

This research objects to propose the solutions for improving the quality of life of legal Myanmar migrant labors from Mae Tao community in Mae Sot, Thailand. Many researchers have been studied on international migration with different focuses, nevertheless, the quality of life of migrants has not mu...

08/07/2024

Title: The Chin in a Time of Revolution in Burma

Author: Min Thang

Issue: IEJ Vol.3 No.(1)

Publication Date: June 2024

Abstract
On 1 February 2021, a military coup took place and the elected civilian administration was overthrown. Following the coup, massive anti-coup protests took place across the country. In response to the nonviolent protestors, the military has carried out harsh crackdowns, arrests, and tortured, and killed civilians, who participated in peaceful demonstrations. As a result, civilians who are mainly young people, have progressively changed from peaceful demonstrations to becoming partially armed with a concentration on protecting civilians and attacking military personnel and property. Chin State has led some of the toughest opposition and has refused to cooperate with the junta. Young residents have formed the Chinland Defense Force (CDF), primarily made up of young men and women with homemade weapons like handmade guns, knives, and arrows (known as sa-hnet in Chin and tu mae in Burmese) alliance with Chin National Front (CNF/A) one of the ethnic armed groups to resistance brutal attack of the State Administration Council (SAC) military on civilians in Chin State and beyond. One may argue that Chin state was the true birthplace of this spring revolution. The articles used qualitative research methods and data will be collected from secondary sources to analysis this study. The study will look at Chin resistance and resilience to continuous revolutionary politics and processes at the state level with a focus on the consequences of the military coup, the Covid-19 pandemic, and other social challenges in Chin sate and beyond since 2021. The major goal of this study is to understand the risks, challenges, and advantages of the Chin people's perseverance and resistance in Burma.

To read the article: https://www.inyaeconomics.org/articles/the-chin-in-a-time-of-revolution-in-burma/

To read all of the IEJ issues: https://www.inyaeconomics.org/issues/

On 1 February 2021, a military coup took place and the elected civilian administration was overthrown. Following the coup, massive anti-coup protests took place across the country. In response to the nonviolent protestors, the military has carried out harsh crackdowns, arrests, and tortured, and kil...

08/07/2024

Title: Linear and non-linear regression analysis of Trade Openness and FDI on Economic Growth of Myanmar (1990-2022)

Author: Htwe Ko

Issue: IEJ Vol.3 No.(1)

Publication Date: June 2024

Abstract
The study objects to investigate trade openness, foreign direct investment (FDI) and their impact on economic growth of Myanmar for the periods between 1990 and 2022. Authors employ Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) multiple linear regression model and Exponential Smooth Threshold Regression (ESTR) Model. Before model estimation, we first performed a Unit Root Testing with Phillips-Perron (1988) to check the stationarity issues. We second performed Pearson correlation test to check if the correlation exists between dependent and independent variables before model estimation. The findings of the results reveal that trade openness has positive influence on economic growth of Myanmar. The results also show that foreign direct investment does not have positive effect on economic growth of Myanmar. Future study is encouraged to adopt models that can capture short-/long-run relationships between dependent and independent variables.

To read the article: https://www.inyaeconomics.org/articles/linear-and-non-linear-regression-analysis-of-trade-openness-and-fdi-on-economic-growth-of-myanmar-1990-2022/

To read all of the IEJ issues: https://www.inyaeconomics.org/issues/

The study objects to investigate trade openness, foreign direct investment (FDI) and their impact on economic growth of Myanmar for the periods between 1990 and 2022. Authors employ Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) multiple linear regression model and Exponential Smooth Threshold Regression (ESTR) Model...

08/07/2024

Title: Government Spending and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Myanmar

Author: Nay Myo Htun

Issue: IEJ Vol.3 No.(1)

Publication Date: June 2024

Abstract
Every government must allocate the budget as the expenditure on various sectors in the particular country for the development of it. According to Keynesian economics, if the government spending rises while all other spending components stay constant, output will increase. However, Wagner's law shows that increased government spending is likely to harm economic growth. Sethi (2016) discovers a long-run relationship between economic growth and government spending, as well as unidirectional causality from government spending to economic growth. The purpose of this research is to determine the trends in the growth rate of government spending and GDP from 2011 to 2023, as well as to analyse the relationship between government spending and economic growth in Myanmar (2011-2023). The data used in this study are from secondary sources such as the World Bank, the Ministry of Planning and Finance of Myanmar’s website, other Myanmar Government websites, and previous studies. Different types of analysis are used to obtain scientific results, including correlation, regression, and the Granger Causality Test. The findings show that there is a rejection of the unit root for Government spending (Expenditure) at level but Economic Growth (GDP) at first difference. And there is a positive correlation between Economic Growth (GDP) and Government Spending (Expenditure) in Myanmar. And Government spending (Expenditure) granger cause Economic Growth (GDP) of Myanmar but Economic Growth (GDP) does not granger cause Government spending (Expenditure) at 5% level of significance.

To read the article: https://www.inyaeconomics.org/articles/government-spending-and-economic-growth-a-case-study-of-myanmar/

To read all of the IEJ issues: https://www.inyaeconomics.org/issues/

Every government must allocate the budget as the expenditure on various sectors in the particular country for the development of it. According to Keynesian economics, if the government spending rises while all other spending components stay constant, output will increase. However, Wagner's law shows...

08/07/2024

Title: A Call for Economic Justice for Myanmar’s Laborers: A Capability Approach

Author: Saw Lalbwel Htoo

Issue: IEJ Vol.3 No.(1)

Publication Date: June 2024

Abstract
In Myanmar, many labors face difficult challenges. They face high unemployment rates and those who are employed often suffer unfair treatment from their employers. These mistreatments have increased since the 2021 military coup, which sparked protests and workforce strikes. Many foreign-invested companies, especially those owned by Chinese companies, are often accused of violating labor rights. Labors are reluctant to report these types of violations for fear of retaliation, as there is no effective union or advocacy group to support them. Even when they go on strike, the government does not seem to take their concerns seriously. Minimum wages are a major issue in Myanmar, where many labors struggle to make a living. In this research, the capabilities approach is used to analyze the unfair situation of Myanmar labor. The capabilities approach is a broad framework used to evaluate and value individual well-being and social arrangements, as well as to design policies and proposals for social change in society. When analyzing the capabilities approach, the situation is often called “starvation wages” and is considered a form of modern slavery. The government's response to these problems has been inadequate, leaving many labors in poverty and difficult living conditions.

To read the article: https://www.inyaeconomics.org/articles/a-call-for-economic-justice-for-myanmars-laborers-a-capability-approach/

To read all of the IEJ issues: https://www.inyaeconomics.org/issues/

In Myanmar, many labors face difficult challenges. They face high unemployment rates and those who are employed often suffer unfair treatment from their employers. These mistreatments have increased since the 2021 military coup, which sparked protests and workforce strikes. Many foreign-invested com...

15/06/2024

Inya Economic Journal has released Volume 3, No. 1, in June 2024. This issue covers trending topics about Myanmar, focusing mainly on labor, government spending, foreign direct investment (FDI), and the Spring Revolution.

IEJ extends its gratitude to all members of the editorial board and authors, especially to Saw Lalbwel Htoo, the Managing Editor of IEJ, for his contributions to this issue. His encouragement and hands-on mentorship in academic writing for the journal, as well as his leadership in organizing the first online conference in IEJ's history for valuable discussions, are deeply appreciated.

Please see the download link for the IEJ Vol. 3, No. 1 issue below.

https://www.inyaeconomics.org/issues/

30/05/2024

Inya Economic Journal Vol.3, No.1 Conference

Title: Linear and Non-Linear Analysis of Trade Openness and FDI on Economic Growth of Myanmar (1990-2022)

Authors: Htwe Ko & Dr. Chukiat Chaiboonsri

Date: May 19, 2024

19/05/2024

Inya Economic Journal Vol.3, No.1 Conference

Title: Linear and Non-Linear Analysis of Trade Openness and FDI on Economic Growth of Myanmar (1990-2022)

Authors: Htwe Ko & Dr Chukiat Chaiboonsri

Date and Time: May 19, 2024, 01:00 PM (Bangkok Time)

Join Zoom Meeting
https://us05web.zoom.us/j/82577239729?pwd=qbmjM1CzQdIWHK1WfnERw2KwiSiYVC.1

Meeting ID: 825 7723 9729
Passcode: pJWR6R

13/04/2024

Inya Economic Journal Online Conference 2024 Recorded Video
Volume 3, No.1

1. Title: Government Spending and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Myanmar
Author : Nay Myo Htun
Date: 13th April, 2024

13/04/2024

Inya Economic Journal Online Conference is happening now. Please join the zoom link below.

2. Title : The Chin in a Time of Revolution in Burma

Author : Min Thang

Date: 13th April, 2024

Time: 7:30 PM to 8:30PM (Myanmar Time)

Join Zoom Meeting
https://us06web.zoom.us/j/82120944335?pwd=AbfxxStqMwaORmUdR7D0MzRLafWKF2.1

Meeting ID: 821 2094 4335

Key Note : " The study will look at Chin resistance and resilience to continuous revolutionary politics and processes at the state level with a focus on the consequences of the military coup, the Covid-19 pandemic, and other social challenges in Chin sate and beyond since 2021. The major goal of this study is to understand the risks, challenges, and advantages of the Chin people's perseverance and resistance in Burma."

13/04/2024

Inya Economic Journal Online Conference is happening now!!

Please Joint below zoom link!

Volume 3, No.1
1. Title: Government Spending and Economic Growth: A Case Study of Myanmar
Author : Nay Myo Htun
Date: 13th April, 2024
Time: 1PM to 2PM (Myanmar Time)
Join Zoom Meeting
https://us06web.zoom.us/j/81958968672
Meeting ID: 819 5896 8672
Key Note : " Every government must allocate the budget as the expenditure on various sectors in the particular country for the development of it. The purpose of this research is to determine the trends in the growth rate of government spending and GDP from 2011 to 2023, as well as to analyse the relationship between government spending and economic growth in Myanmar (2011-2023) "