09/10/2026
holds some of the richest untapped mineral deposits on earth,including a site confirmed by a 2022 geological survey to contain 5.8 million tonnes of niobium and 48.7 million tonnes of rare earth elements including yttrium, thorium, strontium and lanthanum, with the deposit’s total estimated value placed at Ksh8.1 trillion, making it one of the most consequential pieces of ground in Africa today.
In March 2026, Kenya’s Ministry of Mining issued a formal tender through a gazette notice inviting global companies including US and Chinese backed consortia to bid for the right to mine it, triggering an international scramble that has placed the communities living on and around Mrima Hill at the very centre of a geopolitical contest.
We were recently on the ground in Mrima, , meeting with environmental rights defenders who are doing some of the most important and some of the most dangerous work in the country right now.
There are times when we start working on community projects and we are not sure about going back home safely. That sentence represents the precarious environment that advocates in Kwale County work in every day.
Mrima Hill is not simply a mineral rich site but also a sacred forest for the and an ecological and biodiversity hotspot sustaining the communities living within and around it.
The defenders we met cited victimisation as among the most pressing challenges they face, alongside the broader pattern of communities being sidelined from decisions about resources that sit beneath their feet and that have sustained their livelihoods for generations.
Article 69(1)(d) obligates the state to encourage public participation in the management, protection and conservation of the environment, while Article 40 guarantees every person the right to acquire and own property.
Section 149 of the Mining Act further requires that communities be informed and consulted before any mining licence is granted over land they occupy or use. These provisions exist precisely for moments like this one, and affirms without reservation that the economic promise of Mrima Hill cannot and must not be realised at the cost of the community’s land rights.
To the environmental rights defenders of : your courage is seen, your work matters and stands with you.
Brot für die Welt | Ford Foundation | Misereor | Oxfam | Huairou Commission | Global Land Tool Network | Open Society Foundations |