05/04/2014
MENYA AMATEKA YA FACE BOOK
N` UBUZIMA BYA Mark
Zuckerberg NK`UMUYOBOZI
MUKURU WAYO
Facebook ni urubuga
nkoranyambaga rukorera ku isi
yose, rukaba ari urwa mbere
rwitabirwa n’abantu benshi kuri
ubu rukaba rukoreshwa n’bantu
basaga miliyari ku isi yose. Uru
rubuga rwashinzwe n’abantu 5
ariko igitekerezo ndetse n’akazi
kenshi kakaba karakozwe
n’uwitwa Mark Zuckerberg
Mark Elliot Zuckerberg ni
umuhanga mu bya mudasobwa
w’Umunyamerika wavutse taliki
14 Gicurasi 1984, akaba azwi
nk’umwe mu bashinze urubuga
nkoranyambaga rwa Facebook
akaba ari nawe muyobozi warwo,
kuri ubu akaba ari no mu
baherwe ba mbere ku isi aho
afite amafaranga agera kuri
miliyari 16.8 z’amadolari ya
Amerika.
Zuckerberg yavukiye mu gace ka
White Plains muri New York mu
mwaka w’1984 akaba afite
imyaka 29 y’amavuko. Ni
umuhungu wa Karen
umugangakazi w’indwara zo mu
mutwe na Edward Zuckerberg
akaba umuganga w’amenyo,
akaba afite bashiki be 3 aribo
Randi, Donna na Arielle akaba
afite igisekuru cy’abayahudi.
Mu buzima bwa Zuckerberg
yakuze akunda kwiga kandi ari
umwana w’umuhanga cyane ku
buryo bwatangazaga benshi,
akaba yarabaga uwa mbere mu
masomo nk’imibare, ubumenyi
bw’ikirere n’ubugenge ndetse
akaba yaranagiye yiyigisha indimi
nk’igifaransa, igiheburayo,
ikilatini n’ikigereki cya kera,
ndetse Zuckerberg akaba yari
umukinnyi w’umuhanga mu
gukinisha inkota nto (fencing)
Zuckerberg yatangiye ibintu byo
gukoresha mudasobwa akiri mu
mashuri abanza aho yakoraga
n’uduporogaramu duto. Se
umubyara yamwigishije Atari
BASIC Programming mu mwaka
w’1990, nyuma aza kumushakira
umwarimu uzajya abimwigisha
witwaga David Newman.
Newman nti yorohewe no
kumwigisha bitewe n’uko ibyinshi
wasangaga Zuckerberg
abyiyigisha ku buryo butangaje.
Zuckerberg yaje guhabwa
impamyabumenyi mu bijyanye no
gukora amaporogaramu ya
mudasobwa igihe yari akiri mu
mashuri yisumbuye mu ishuri rya
Mercy College ryari hafi y’iwabo.
Zuckerberg yakundaga gukora
amaporogaramu ya mudasobwa
cyane cyane ashobora guhuza
abantu n’ay’imikino.
Muri porogaramu yabashije
gukora harimo iyo yise ZuckNet
yashoboraga guhuza mudasobwa
zose zo mu nzu maze abantu
bazikoresha bakajya babasha
koherezanya ubutumwa hagati
yabo, kugira ngo yorohereze
papa we kuvugana n’abantu
bakoranaga mu kuvura amenyo
Bitewe n’uko ivuriro rye ryabaga
mu rugo. Mu gihe yari mu
mashuri yisumbuye, Zuckerberg
yakoranye n’ikompanyi yitwa
Intelligent Media Group akora
agaporogaramu gakina umuziki
kitwa Synapse Media Player.
Akimara gukora ako
gaporogaramu, amasosiyeti akora
ibijyanye na mudasobwa nka
Microsoft, na AOL yashatse
kumuha akazi ariko arabyanga
bitewe n’uko yashakaga kwiga.
Zuckerberg agitangira muri
Kaminuza ya Harvard, yahise
ahabwa impamyabumenyi
y’icyubahiro mu bintu bya
porogaramu za mudasobwa. Yiga
mu mwaka wa 2 yakoze
porogaramu yise CourseMatch
yafashaga abantu bifuza kwiga
muri kaminuza ya Harvard guhita
mo amasomo bashaka kwiga
batiriwe bagera ku ishuri.
Nyuma
y’igihe gito nibwo yakoze akandi
gaporogaramu gasa
n’imbanzirizamushinga ya
Facebook yise Facemash
kafashaga abanyeshuri gutora
umunyeshuri ufite amafoto meza.
Nk’uko umwe mu babanaga nawe
mu cyumba witwa Arie Hasit
yabitangaje, Zuckerberg yakoze
kariya gaporogaramu ari
ukwishimisha no gushimisha
abanyeshuri bose bigaga Harvard.
Hasi yagize ati, “Twari dufite
ibitabo byitwa Face Books, ibyo
bitabo byarimo amafoto ya buri
muntu uba mu mazu
y’abanyeshuri. Mbere na mbere
yakoze kariya gaporogaramu
ashyiraho amafoto 2,
yashyiragaho amafoto y’abahungu
2 n’abakobwa 2 maze abasuraga
urwo rubuga bagahitamo uwo
babona mwiza. Byari ibintu
yakoze mu rwego rwo
kwishimisha.”
Urwo rubuga rwa Facemash
rwamazeho weekend imwe gusa
rutangira kubuza abanyeshuri
kwiga neza bituma kuwa mbere
ubuyobozi bw’ishuri burufunga.
Ikindi cyaje kugaragara kuri uru
rubuga ni uko aabanyeshuri
benshi bavugaga ko amafoto yabo
akoreshwa nta burenganzira
batanze. Ibyo Zuckerberg
nk’uwari warakoze uru rubuga
yabisabiye imbabazi avuga ko
bitazongera.
Mu gihembwe
gikurikiyeho mu mwaka w’2004,
Zuckerberg yatangiye gukora
amakode y’urubuga rushya
yashakaga gukora.
Mu kwezi kwa Gashyantare, taliki
4 umwaka wa 2004, Zuckerberg
yashyize hanze urubuga yise
“Thefacebook” rwakoreraga kuri
thefacebook.com. nyuma
y’iminsi 6 gusa ashyize hanze
urwo rubuga rushya, ubuyobozi
bw’ishuri bwamureze ku kuba
yarababeshye ko agiye
kubakorera urubuga
nkoranyambaga rw’abanyeshuri
ba Havard rwagombaga kwitwa
havardconnexion.com naho
yagendeye ku gitekerezo
bamuhaye akikorera ibindi
by’inyungu ze.
Zuckerberg yaje
kuva mu ishuri rya Havard akiga
mu mwaka wa kabiri kugira ngo
akore neza urubuga rwe.
Zuckerberg na Facebook
Zuckerberg yashyize hanze
Facebook aho yakoreraga mu
cyumba yabagamo ku ishuri rya
Harvard ku itariki 4 Gashyantare
2004. Igitekerezo cya Facebook
cyaje igihe yigaga mu mashuri
yisumbuye mu ishuri rya Phillips
Exeter Academy yarangije mo
mu mwaka w’2002. Iki
gitekerezo yagikuye ku gitabo
cyabaga kuri iryo shuri cyitwaga
“The Photo Address Book” ariko
abanyeshuri bakagihimba “The
Facebook” kikaba cyari igitabo
abanyeshuri bose bigaga kuri iryo
shuri bandikaga mo imyirondoro
yabo, na numero za telefoni
n’amafoto yabo.
Zuckerberg ari kuri Harvard,
Facebook yayikoze ari
nk’iy’abanyeshuri ba Harvard
gusa ariko nyuma aza kuyigeza
no mu yandi ma kaminuza
abifashijwemo na mugenzi we
babanaga mu cyumba Dustin
Moskovitz bayigeza mu
makaminuza agera ku 8.
Zuck yaje kuva Harvard yimukira
mu gace ka Palo Alto muri
California n’inshuti ze aho bageze
bagakodesha inzu yo gukorera
mo. Mu gihe gito Zuck yahuye na
Peter Thiel ashoramo amafaranga
maze bafungura ibiro muri
California muri uwo mwaka
w’2004.
Icyo gihe
abanyamafaranga benshi bifuzaga
kugura urwo rubuga ariko Zuck
akanga kurugurisha, kuko we
icyo yifuzaga atari amafaranga
menshi ahubwo we icyo
yashakaga kwari uguhuza abantu
ku isi yose. Mu mwaka w’2010,
Facebook yari imaze kugira
abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 500
bayihuriraho.
Mu mwaka w’2010,
ikinyamakuru Vanity Fair
cyashyize Zuck ku mwanya wa
mbere mu bantu 100 bavuga
rikijyana ku isi.
Mu mwaka w’2010, hakozwe
film ivuga ku buzima bwa Zuck
na Facebook yitwa The Social
Network yasohotse taliki 1
Ukwakira. Zuck avuga kuri iyi
film yatangaje ko atigeze yifuza
ko hari umuntu wamukoraho film
akiri muzima.
Zuck uretse kuba ari umuherwe
wakijijwe na Facebook, nti arya
wenyine kuko akora ibikorwa
byinshi byo gufassha
abatishoboye.
Mu mwaka
w’2010, Zuck, Bill Gates
n’umushoramari Warren Buffett
basinye amasezerano ya batatu
yo gutanga kimwe cya kabiri
cy’imitungo yabo mu gufasha
abatishoboye cyane cyane mu
mashuri.
Zuck yashyingiwe Priscilla Chan
mu mwaka w’2012 akaba ari
umukobwa w’umushinwakazi
ufite inkomoko muri Vietnam
bahuye mu mwaka w’2003 mu
ishuri.
Dore inyubako Mark Zuckerberg
atuyemo
Dore Icyumba cy`uruganiriro
yakiriramo abashyitsi bimena
