14/10/2026
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In 1940, British fighter pilots discovered something terrifying about their own aircraft.💙🇬🇧💙
Push a Spitfire or Hurricane into a steep dive and the engine would cough, splutter, and sometimes cut out completely.
The Germans knew it.
Their fuel-injected Messerschmitt Bf 109s could bunt into a sharp dive without missing a beat. The British Merlins used carburettors, and under negative G, fuel flooded the carburettor and starved the engine.
In a dogfight, those few seconds could be fatal.
Then came Beatrice Shilling.
Shilling was an aeronautical engineer at the Royal Aircraft Establishment, but she was hardly the stereotypical government engineer. Before the war she had raced motorcycles at Brooklands — one of Britain's most dangerous circuits — becoming one of only three women to earn its coveted Gold Star for lapping at over 100 mph.
She knew engines inside out.
Instead of redesigning the whole carburettor, she came up with a brilliantly simple interim fix: a small metal restrictor fitted in the fuel line that limited the surge of fuel during negative-G manoeuvres.
From early 1941, Shilling and a small team toured RAF fighter stations fitting the modification themselves.Pilots quickly gave the little device a name that ensured it would never quietly fade into engineering history.
"Miss Shilling's orifice."It wasn't a perfect cure — later carburettor designs solved the problem properly.But Shilling's tiny piece of metal gave RAF pilots a vital edge when they needed it most, without waiting for a completely new engine system.
And there is something wonderfully fitting about the woman behind it.Long before she helped keep British fighters flying in combat, she had spent her weekends making engines scream around a racetrack at over 100 miles an hour.When war threw up an engine problem, she knew exactly where to look.