07/08/2026
Postcard from a Herr Wolfgang Hessmann, a German POW in Russia, to Herr Kurt Exner, dated November 1948. Written from a Soviet detention camp, it features dry, educated humour between friends, closing with a jest about Kurt chasing women.
This postcard was issued by the Russian Red Cross (Alliance of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies of the USSR). From the address, Wolfgang’s location is Camp 5921 which was in Magnitogorsk, a city in the Chelyabinsk region renowned for its steel plant which was built by forced labour of disposed peasants in the 1930s. The recipient Kurt is in Kreuth in the American occupation zone of Bavaria in Southern Germany, at the Dr May Hospital (May Clinic).
During the war, Magnitogorsk had two known POW camps: Camp No. 527 of the NKVD for POWs of foreign armies, and a special hospital camp, Camp No. 5921, for the treatment of seriously wounded prisoners of war.
Due to the steel plant, Magnitogorsk was a heavily polluted environment where it is said that the snow would turn black, vegetables would not grow, and fish died in the river. Today it is recognised as one of the most heavily polluted cities in the world.
Approximately 1.5 million German POWs were still being held in Soviet Gulags and labour camps after the end of the war. The majority were released between 1946 and 1948, with the last being officially repatriated following diplomatic agreements in 1955-1956.