02/06/2026
Fifty years ago , former Bolivian president Juan José Torres was abducted and murdered in Buenos Aires as part of Operation Condor. Torres (1920–1976) was a Bolivian military officer and politician who served as president of Bolivia from 1970 to 1971. Born into a poor family in Cochabamba, he had roots in the Aymara, an Indigenous people of the Andean regions of Bolivia and Peru.
During the 1960s, Torres emerged as a leading ally of the reformist military leader Alfredo Ovando. Unlike most military rulers in Cold War Latin America, he was associated with the nationalist left and advocated social reform, national sovereignty, and a stronger political role for workers and popular movements.
In October 1970, Torres helped defeat a right-wing coup against Ovando and subsequently assumed the presidency. During his brief time in office, he expanded social programmes, increased state involvement in the economy, and established the Popular Assembly, giving trade unions and social movements a greater voice in politics.
His reforms alarmed conservative sectors at home and abroad. In August 1971, Torres was overthrown by a coup led by the right-wing dictator Hugo Banzer and forced into exile.
On 2 June 1976, he was murdered as part of Operation Condor, the US-backed campaign through which South American dictatorships coordinated the persecution, abduction, and killing of political opponents across borders.
Banzer's regime initially prevented the return of Torres' remains to Bolivia, fearing he could become a symbol of resistance. His body was returned only in 1983, after Bolivia's return to democracy.