10/05/2026
The Halifax Explosion of December 6 1917 killed nearly 2,000 people, injured 9,000 more, destroyed the north end of Halifax, and generated a pressure wave and a tsunami that left the harbour looking as though a war had been fought in it, which in a sense it had: the Mont-Blanc was a mu*****ns ship bound for the Western Front, and its cargo, the largest concentration of military explosives ever assembled in one ship to that point, was the material of the war brought briefly and catastrophically to the Canadian shore. The collision that triggered the disaster was the result of a navigational misunderstanding in the narrows of Halifax Harbour on a cold December morning. The Mont-Blanc, a French vessel under the command of Captain Aimé Le Médec, had entered the harbour from the Bedford Basin side, carrying a cargo that had been loaded at Gravesend, New York: 35 tonnes of benzol in drums on the deck, 300 rounds of am******on, 10 tonnes of gun cotton, 2,300 tonnes of picric acid, and 200 tonnes of TNT. The total explosive load of approximately 2,925 tonnes represented a concentration of destructive energy that had never before been assembled in a single ship. The Mont-Blanc was required by the international rules of war to display a red flag indicating a dangerous cargo, but the rules also required her to extinguish all lights at night in the submarine-patrolled waters of the outer harbour, and there is evidence that the daytime danger flag was not clearly displayed or was not seen by the crew of the approaching Imo. The Imo, a Norwegian ship chartered for Belgian relief, was leaving the harbour and was on the wrong side of the channel when the two ships first sighted each other.