05/26/2026
The Salmo Watershed Streamkeepers Society would like to clarify a few points regarding the Sheep Creek in-stream fertilization’ Food for Fish’ project:
This project was not initiated by the Salmo Watershed Streamkeepers Society (SWSS) as a “money grab through a grant.” It was established as compensation program for ongoing impacts associated with the installation of the fourth turbine at the Seven Mile Dam on the Pend d’Oreille River by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) and BC Hydro, First Nations and others. SWSS, as trusted aquatic Stewarts here were asked to assist in implementation and monitoring of the project on their behalf.
The project is now being managed by the Flatbow Cultural Society. ‘Flatbow’ is a Yaqan Nukiy First Nation organization from Creston and part of the larger Ktunaxa Nation. The SWSS has been asked to provide input, technical assistance, general support and monitoring oversite to ensure precise and safe operations.
There is extensive scientific literature supporting the benefits of nutrient restoration projects in nutrient-limited streams. The Sheep Creek project itself was designed as a rigorous before-after-control-impact (BACI) scientific study, comparing Sheep Creek to the South Salmo River over multiple years. Monitoring demonstrated increases in periphyton production, aquatic invertebrates, and fish growth and abundance, including Bull Trout. These projects are described as providing ‘bottom-up’ benefits – nutrients beget periphyton (moss), begets food for grazing invertebrates (aquatic bugs), begets ‘food for fish’. Indeed, Sheep Creek, likely because of fertilization has maintained a steady Bull Trout (BT) population compared to other Salmo Watershed areas known for BT that are in decline. It is possible we could lose this species without fertilization benefit.
The fertilizers used are not simply dumped into the creek. Agricultural-grade liquid nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers are carefully metered, in ug/L, parts per billion, into the stream using precision injection systems calibrated every 3 days to the amount of water in the stream and known target nutrient concentrations for healthy aquatic ecosystems. These nutrient additions are intended to mimic natural nutrient inputs historically provided by the decay of returning Salmon, a natural process that has been eliminated with the installation of several dams. The products used are approved and extensively monitored under regulatory oversight to ensure concentrations remain environmentally safe. The Project carries out plant and animal monitoring and in every case species size and numbers have increased. Multiple sessions of upstream/downstream water quality monitoring using independent lab analysis has always shown improved drinking water quality downstream of the ‘Food for Fish’ site likely due to the ability of phosphorus fertilizer to help neutralize metals concentrations occurring naturally from the geology in Sheep Creek or possibly from phosphorus ability to relieve impacts from mine tailings in the area.
Constructive discussion is important, but it is equally important that public statements are accurate and reflect the actual science, history, and purpose of the Project.