15/06/2026
I was shocked this morning to get this notification from ResearchGate. As far as I'm aware, it is the only document in the world like it. I think the low number is because of the abstract. I've now changed that.
"Since its founding in 1976, Exodus International became the world's most influential ex-gay organisation and the foremost advocate of the "change is possible" message, promoting sexual orientation change through a network that President Alan Chambers claimed encompassed more than 400 affiliated ministries worldwide.
This 13,000-word paper provides a comprehensive firsthand account of the final Exodus International conference, held at Concordia University, Irvine, California, from 19–22 June 2013, and the organisation's subsequent closure. Drawing on personal observations, interviews, lived experience, and three years of dialogue with Exodus president Alan Chambers, the author documents the events leading to the organisation's historic decision to cease operations and publicly apologise for the harm caused by sexual orientation change efforts.
As a conversion "therapy" survivor, LGBTQ advocate, leader in exposing the myths of the movement, and bridge-builder who developed a unique relationship with Exodus leadership, the author offers a rare insider-outsider perspective on a pivotal moment in the history of faith, sexuality, and LGBTQ inclusion. Having direct access to Alan Chambers and senior Exodus leaders during this critical period provided an unusual vantage point from which to observe, document, and interpret the organisation's final chapter.
The paper chronicles the final conference, explores the emotional, theological, and social implications of Exodus's closure, and situates these events within the broader history of the ex-gay/reparative/conversion "therapy" movement. Using Malcolm Gladwell's concept of a "tipping point" as an interpretive framework, the paper analyses the social, cultural, theological, and organisational factors that contributed to Exodus International's demise. These include changing public attitudes towards LGBTQ people, the influence of survivor narratives, the impact of the internet and social media, evolving theological perspectives, bridge-building initiatives between LGBTQ advocates and Christian leaders, and growing recognition of the limitations and harms associated with sexual orientation change efforts.
The paper argues that the closure of Exodus International represented more than the end of a single organisation. It marked a significant cultural and religious turning point in the relationship between Christianity and LGBTQ people and signalled the decline of one of the most influential movements promoting the belief that sexual orientation could be changed. As both a historical record and a reflective analysis, this paper preserves an important chapter in LGBTQ and religious history while examining the lessons that can be drawn from its rise and eventual collapse.
READ, DOWNLOAD AND SHARE HERE. https://tinyurl.com/24cqbf52