06/08/2026
The definition of patriotism does not always look the same.
James Armistead Lafayette was an enslaved man who became one of the American Revolution's most valuable spies. With permission from his enslaver, he joined the Marquis de Lafayette's forces and posed as a runaway slave to infiltrate British camps, where he gathered intelligence and operated as a double agent. His reports on British troop movements and reinforcements helped George Washington and Marquis de Lafayette trap General Cornwallis at Yorktown, leading to the decisive American victory in 1781.
Despite his crucial role in securing American independence, James was forced back into slavery after the war because he was classified as a spy rather than a soldier. Only after did Armistead reach out to Marquis de Lafayette who personally appealed to the Virginia legislature did Lafayette gain his freedom in 1787. Living off his annual pension fee, Armistead moved to his own 40-acre farm in Virginia, where he married, raised a family, and lived out the rest of his life as a freeman.