02/11/2021
Let's talk composting... there are more ways to dispose of your waste than worms!
This post will give you some information on the following types of composting:
- Bokashi (Effective MicroOrganisms Composting)
- Hot Composting (Open air composting)
- In-ground Composting (Direct composting)
- Tumbler Composting (A form of hot composting)
- Combination Composting (Compot Composting)
Effective MicroOrganisms Composting:
Bokashi composting is an anaerobic process that relies on inoculated bran to ferment kitchen waste, including meat and dairy, creating a safe soil builder/ nutrient rich food for your plants.
Kitchen scraps of all kinds are mixed with some of the inoculated bran, pressed into the Bokashi bucket, covered with another handful of bran, and tightly covered. When the bucket gets filled up it is sealed shut and put aside for 10 to 12 days (Every other day the leachate needs to be drawn off). When the bucket is opened again, you will have pre-compost! You then add it to your regular compost bin or bury it away from plants (The pre-compost will be very acidic so not safe for your plants!)
Open-air/ Hot Composting:
A hot compost pile can reach temperatures of 49-77 degrees Celsius in just a few days, and if done correctly, you can compost organic matter in around 4 weeks.
The heat produced can also be used to heat your water, home, or greenhouse! (It is important to monitor the temperature though because if it remains at 65 degrees celsius or higher for a few hours or more, the beneficial microorganisms will be killed).
To make a hot compost bin or pile you will need:
- Equal parts green and brown materials, all shredded to a small size. Fresh grass clippings and dried shredded leaves work great for the first effort because they are already small and the grass has a lot of moisture
- A fork or shovel for turning
- A thermometer
- A bin/ container (optional)
How to maintain:
Mix together the green and brown materials well and had in a shovelful of already made compost or soil to jumpstart the process. As you add to the pile, spray with water to keep it moist (the consistency of a wrung-out sponge). The compost pile needs to be around one cubic meter in size. Over the next month, monitor and record the daily temperature of the pile (temperature will depend on moisture levels, the size of your organic matter and the size of your pile). Once the temperature cools to below 43 degrees Celsius, which is usually between four and seven days, you will need to turn over the organic matter to introduce oxygen. This will then heat the pile back up. Keep doing this same process and after one month, you should have turned the pile 4 times. You must let the compost 'cure' for a couple of weeks before using it!
In-ground Composting:
Put simply, in-ground composting works by digging a hole/ trench into the ground and placing a mixture of nitrogen and carbon-rich organic material inside. The hole is then covered with soil and left to decompose!
Unlike hot composting, you do not need to turn or monitor the compost, you can just leave it be.
Tumbler Composting
A compost tumbler is a fully sealed container which can be rotated to mix the composting materials. The sealed container also helps contain the heat generated by the composting process (speeding the composting process!). This type of composting is just an easy form of normal hot composting as you can easily turn the material.
Combination Composting
Combination Composting is similar to in-ground composting except it uses a plant pot too.
You start by digging a hole, you then plant your pot, fill with all your kitchen waste (Including meat and dairy), lock on the lid and cover with anything but dirt.
You can also use it as a worm farm! (you will have to fill it with worm friendly waste only though!).
Sources:
https://www.wigglywigglers.co.uk/products/organico-bokashi-compost-kitchen-waste-value-pack
https://directcompostsolutions.com/8-methods-composting/
https://www.thespruce.com/how-to-hot-compost-2539474
https://thrivingyard.com/in-ground-composting/
https://learn.eartheasy.com/guides/compost-tumblers/
https://directcompostsolutions.com/pros-cons-combined-compot-composting/
https://www.planetnatural.com/composting-101/indoor-composting/bokashi-composting/
https://www.permaculture.co.uk/readers-solutions/how-make-hot-compost