10/06/2026
Randomization is a process used in many clinical trials to assign participants to different treatment groups by chance, similar to flipping a coin or using a computer-generated system.
Randomization helps researchers compare treatments fairly and accurately. It reduces bias and helps ensure that differences in outcomes are more likely due to the treatment being studied rather than other factors.
In a randomized clinical trial, participants may receive:
• The current standard treatment
• A new treatment being studied
• Different treatment combinations or sequences
Randomization does not mean patients receive “no treatment.” In cancer clinical trials, patients typically receive at least the current standard of care, unless the study is specifically designed differently and clearly explained during informed consent.
Some trials are also “blinded,” meaning patients and/or researchers may not know which treatment group a participant is in until the study is completed.
Randomization is an important part of how researchers determine whether new melanoma treatments are safe, effective, and potentially better than existing approaches.
Understanding terms like randomization can help patients feel more informed when considering participation in a clinical trial.
Learn more about melanoma clinical trials and patient education resources at AIMatMelanoma.org