05/23/2026
The Verplank Garden Club installed a steel drummer in the center of a red, white and blue circle of flowers in front of The First Reform Church in Fishkill , New York, to honor the Anniversary of the 250 years of the Declaration of Independence. The statues were created by Robert Van Winkle.
, May 22, 1776, New York’s Third Provincial Congress reconvened at the First Dutch Reformed Church in Fishkill to respond to the Continental Congress’s proposal to establish each colony as a state. It stood by its earlier "Plan for Accommodation” and instructed its delegates not to vote for independence. The document was sent to Patriot representatives in the Continental Congress such as John Jay, Robert Livingston, and George Clinton to guide their work in Philadelphia.
The plan acknowledged the indictments against Great Britain. It required that Parliament repeal the taxation laws and leave the question of taxation to the colonies. New York would establish its own government, but no mention was made of severing trade relations or separating from the King.
A letter sent to the King from the Assembly on March 25, 1775 sums up the Provincial Congress’s position and offers an apology for any perceived rejection of the status quo: “We acknowledge there are Appearances, which may be construed to our Disadvantage, and that several of the Measures pursued by the Colonies are by no Means justifiable; yet while we disapprove and condemn them, we entreat you as the indulgent Father of your People, to view them in the most favourable Light, and to consider them as the honest tho’ disorderly, Struggles of Liberty, not the licentious Efforts of Independence.” A year later, the Provincial Congress had not changed its mind.
This second rejection of a permanent separation from Great Britain frustrated most of the Continental Congress. John Adams lamented at New York’s half-hearted response: “What is the Reason that New York is still asleep or dead in Politicks and War? Is there anything in the Air or Soil of New York unfriendly to the Spirit of Liberty? Are the People destitute of Reason or Virtue? Or what is the cause?”
Was it because there were so many Loyalists in New York City? Because the fortunes of the port of New York were tied so closely to international trade? A general conservativism that made New Yorkers reluctant to support the radical act of independence? Whatever the cause, caution was most definitely in both the “air” and “soil.”
Image: The First Reformed Church in Fishkill, NY, 2014. Photo by Alexius Horatius.