30/10/2025
๐ฅ๐ฎ๐ฐ๐ถ๐ป๐ด ๐๐ผ ๐๐ฎ๐๐ฒ ๐๐ฒ๐๐๐ฒ'๐ ๐ฑ๐ฒ๐ฐ๐น๐ถ๐ป๐ถ๐ป๐ด ๐ณ๐ฎ๐๐ป๐ฎ
Around 70% to 80% of Earth's biodiversity belongs to the world's megadiverse countries; regions of our world possessing high diversity of flora and fauna, and high frequency of species that can only be found in the country.
The Philippines belongs to this category, having over 100,000 animal species, and 500 of which can only be found in the country's eighteen regions. Uniquely, these species are housed in the Philippines' 7,641 islands.
Among its diverse species are the Philippine Eagle, the country's national bird, and the Giant Golden-crowned Flying Fox, one of the world's largest bats, both of which are endemic to the Philippines and can be found in Region VIII, particularly in the Province of Leyte.
However, these fauna are classified as "at risk" of global extinction and belong to a catalog dubbed the "Red List" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
If populations of the Philippine Eagle and the Giant Golden-crowned Flying Fox continue to decline, they will soon join the other species that have gone extinct in the region, such as the Philippine Crocodile and the Visayan Spotted Deer.
Further, vulnerable endemic species in Leyte include the Philippine Leafbird, the Little Slaty Flycatcher, the Southern Rufous Hornbill, and the near-threatened Mindanao Flying Dragon, which could also be found in the region.
Over the years, the decline in the population of these local fauna has been attributed to the conversion of natural forests for agricultural land and poaching for the interest of animal collectors.
Their struggle to survive against these challenges is pressed further by the fact that these actions directly and indirectly influence climate change; now, these species also have to adapt and survive with the shifting climate.
In Region VIII, the effects of climate change manifest through frequent strong typhoons that cause intense flooding in already-degraded habitats.
Recently, the Department of Economy, Planning, and Development (DEPDev), along with the International Institute of Rural Reconstruction (IIRR) and Visayas State University (VSU)-Alangalang, initiated efforts to support the restoration of the Leyte Sab-a Basin Peatland (LSBP) in Santa Fe, Leyte, which saw heavy agricultural land-use conversion by locals in the area.
This restoration involves nearby communities as active stakeholders to save the LSBP from future degradation and prioritize environmental conservation.
Past conversions of the peatland endangered the endemic fauna found in the basin, especially threatened species, such as the Blue-naped Parrot, Tokay Gecko, Samar Water Monitor, Southeast Asian Box Turtle, and the Philippine Tarsier.
Despite the LSBP's capability to create nutrient-rich layers by slowing the decomposition of organic matter, flora species in the area are at a decline, such as Shorea almon Foxw, Petersianthus quadrialatus Merr., and Dillenia philippinensis Rolfe.
Moreover, beyond its function as a habitat for plant and animal species, the peatland also absorbs carbon dioxide, a contributing factor to the increasing global heat, which drives up climate change.
The recent initiative to restore the peatland will not only reverse the damage to the habitats but also serve as a step to furthering climate action in Leyte, both for the benefit of endemic species and communities in Santa Fe who suffer the effects of the climate crisis.
Having such a high frequency of species that are unique in the region, Leyte should fear that these animals may vanish from our local ecosystems, and worse still, that we have a hand in their disappearance.
Including the protection of local fauna and recognizing the importance of endemic animals in Region VIII should be the trend. And while development of our communities remains a priority in Leyte, human activity has risked the survival of our species.
Even when we only see the decline of their population through numbers, their deaths also mean something to Leyte; that we may soon feel the effects of our actions, and these effects were felt by Leyte's endemic species first.
via Ton Sierolf Cairo and Rasheed Luke Abordo | PHS News
Photo courtesy of Forest Jarvis