17/09/2025
The Politics of Exclusion: How Africa risks wasting its Largest PoliticalForce (A Nigerian Case Study) - (Part 1)
Africa's biggest asset is its youths, over half of the continent’s population are under 25. Their passion, imagination, and sense of justice can turn social change, strengthen democracy, and reshape government. And yet, in politics, they are locked out. Nigeria, with its large youth population and vibrant politics, mirrors both the possibilities and the challenges of youth inclusion.
Youth in Nigeria's Political Context and Patterns of their Participation
In Nigeria, youths typically are people aged between 18 and 35. They are 60% to 75% of the population, hence able to be a powerful political force. Having seen this, the “Not Too Young to Run” bill was signed into law in 2018 to reduce the age thresholds on elective positions, from 30 years for the House of Representatives to 25 years, and from 35 years to 30 years for the Senate. The concept was to provide wider opportunities for youth Nigerians to contest elections.
Despite these reforms, actual youth representation remains limited. In the 2015 elections, only about 0.8% of the House of Representatives were between 18 and 35 years old. At the state level, roughly 6% of the seats were held by youth. By 2019, there was some improvement, youth representation rose to about 3% in the House of Representatives and 8% in State Assemblies (The Cable 2023). In candidacy, youth made up about 34% of total candidates in the 2019 general elections. The number declined to 28.6% in 2023, which is a concerning drop (The Cable 2023). Gender imbalances were equally blatant, with women representing a mere 11% of young candidates (The Youth Café 2023).
Even among those who were elected, youth legislators continue to be in the minority. In the 2023 House of Representatives who were elected, merely about 1.1% were 30 years and below, 13.8% were 40 years and below, and about 30.1% were 45 years and below (Inter-Parliamentary Union 2023). Though the numbers reflect incremental gains since 2019, young people remain far from their share in the population.
Continued in Part 2...