06/06/2026
At the 4th Pan-African Seed and Governance Conference in N'Djamena , a conversation I believe is one of the most important and urgently underattended in African development right now. 's Partnerships and Resource Mobilization Coordinator, Dennis Denver Mwange presented a summary discussion on the topic: Digitalisation of Farmer Seed variety data.
🌱 What we know:
Africa's smallholder farmers, particularly women, are the custodians of thousands of indigenous and locally adapted seed varieties that science is only beginning to understand. These seeds hold centuries of ecological intelligence: drought tolerance, pest resistance, nutritional richness, and climate adaptation that no laboratory has yet replicated.
What is changing fast:
Those seeds can now be mapped, sequenced, and stored digitally as Digitally Sequenced Information (DSI). GPS and AI can characterise and simulate seed sequences to ~90% accuracy. Cloud computing means thousands of varieties can be stored without physical space. Data, as we now know, is the new oil, and Africa's community seed knowledge has immense global value.
⚠️ The risk? The global frameworks that govern physical seeds- the CBD, the Nagoya Protocol, ITPGRFA- do NOT yet adequately cover digital sequence data. Seed DSI can be copied, accessed, and commercially exploited without community consent and without benefit sharing reaching the farmers who created and maintained those seeds across generations.
🛡️ What we proposed
1️⃣ Build institutional capacity, from farmer level to universities, to understand, manage, and protect seed data
2️⃣ Institutionalise legal frameworks that recognise Digital Sovereignty and introduce binding benefit-sharing mechanisms
3️⃣ Map, catalogue, and self-digitize our seeds NOW, before others do it for us, with FPIC embedded from the start
4️⃣ Advocate at the AU level for a continental DSI rights framework that centres African farmers
And critically, this is not just a technical problem. It is a governance, rights, and justice problem.
CSOs must advocate and monitor. Farmer organisations must lead cataloguing and claim ownership of their data. Youth must bridge the digital literacy gap in communities. Women, who are the primary custodians of neglected and minor seed varieties, must be at the centre of every decision made about seed data governance
🌍 The call to action is clear:
Start national seed catalogues now — before others digitize Africa's heritage.
Secure national budgets for biodigitization capacity.
Build an Africa-led, community-owned seed data commons.
Push the AU to champion Digital Sovereignty for seeds.
The conference was organized by AFSA in partnership with (PEPAF-CHAD) and SWISSAID.
Fassil Yelemtu Seed Savers Network, Kenya BIBA Kenya Brot für die Welt Tanzania Alliance for Biodiversity