26/02/2024
First big German city with an MTMS-sponsored action!
Last month, the Jewish student community of Dusseldorf in Germany held a commemorative event on January 27.
The history is rich yet the presence today to commemorate is richer. We would like to thank for having organized the event and inspired others to continues preserving and cleaning each year.
We would also like .jews for being partners throughout Germany.
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Emperor Henry IV in 1074 granted the Jews to settle in the region and to have trading rights in the Dortmund market. In 1096, a crusading mob eliminated most Jews in the community. Records pointing to the existence of an organized Jewish settlement there date from the 13th century. By 1257 the community had a Magistratus Judaeorum, a rabbi (clericus or papen), a cantor, shohet, and a Schulklopfer, and possessed a synagogue, a communal center, a cemetery, and a mikveh, for which ground rent had to be paid. Jews participated in the guarding of the city walls. In the *Black Death period the Jews were expelled from Dortmund (1350); the Judenturm ("Jews' Tower") was built with the spoils seized from them. They were readmitted in 1372 (for six- to ten-year periods) after making a payment to the count. Another expulsion seems to have taken place around the end of the 15th century as in 1543 the Jews were readmitted for an initial period of ten years, only to be expelled once more in 1596. In 1750, Jews had their organized community and got equal rights from Napoleon in 1806. During the Industrial revolution, the Jewish community grew from 120 to 4000 in 1933. Synagogues and schools were built while Orthodox and Reform were the main denominations. Unlike other cities, the community was forced to close its synagogue before Kristallnacht. By 1938, nearly half of the community fled. Dortmund became an assembly point for deportations to the East, with about 40,000 deported in eight transports between 1942 and 1945. After WWII, only 81 Jews remained. Yet, the population grew to 4000 by 2005, mainly through Soviet Jewish emigration.
Make Their Memory Shine