05/11/2025
1. High incidence of fraud among mobile financial service (MFS) users
• A study by Policy Research Institute of Bangladesh (PRI) found ~1 in 10 MFS users in Bangladesh have been victims of fraud. 
• The average loss per victim was around Tk 9,000 in that study. 
• Fraud is not limited to the uneducated or rural; interestingly, users with higher education had higher victim-rates (16.4% for Master’s degree holders in one study) — suggesting digital literacy ≠ formal education. 
2. Fraud methods: social engineering, impersonation, PIN/OTP theft
Some of the most common tactics:
• Scammers impersonate officials of MFS providers, or call pretending to be support. 
• They ask for PINs, OTPs (one-time passwords), often under the guise of “account verification”, “prize redemption”, etc. 
• SIM-swap attacks or cloned apps/accounts: criminals switch SIMs or clone an account to the user’s identity.